Patterns and drivers of lichen species composition in a NW-European lowland deciduous woodland complex

Wolseley, P. A.; Sanderson, Neil; Thüs, Holger; Carpenter, Daniel; Eggleton, Paul

doi:10.1007/s10531-016-1250-3

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Variability in the tree species in a forest complex is also beneficial for epiphytes. Broadleaved trees, particularly those with alkaline barks, are more beneficial to epiphytic organisms [63,71,72]. Results of previous studies reveal that even low number or sparsely distributed broadleaved tree species in a low canopy layer increase biodiversity in coniferous forests [73].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species diversity patterns in managed Scots pine stands in ancient forest sites

et al. 2019

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Continuity in forest habitats is crucial for species diversity and richness. Ancient Scots pine forests are usually under forest management, which disturbs vegetation and causes differentiation in terms of tree stand age. To date, vegetation variability in ancient Scots pine forests has not been examined based on tree stand age classes. In the present study the continuity of a large Scots pine forest complex was investigated, and a system of sampling plots established in five tree stand age classes: initiation stands (4–10 years), young stands (20–35 years), middle-aged stands (45–60 years), pre-mature stands (70–85 years) and mature stands (95–110 years). Species composition, including vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens, on soil, tree trunks, and coarse woody debris, was analyzed. Based on existing classifications systems, forest species and ancient forest species groups were distinguished. In the studied ancient Scots pine forests the species pool and richness were relatively low, and the vegetation consisted mostly of generalist species. Cryptogams, which can grow on diverse substrates, were the most abundant species. Moreover, most species could tolerate both forest and non-forest conditions. Age class forests provided different environmental niches for species. Initiation stands were optimal for terrestrial light-demanding species, and in terms of species composition, initiation stands were most specific. Young stands were most preferred by species on coarse woody debris, and at this stage of stand maturation epiphytic species re-appeared. The oldest stands were not rich in forest specialists, i.e. species of closed forest and ancient forest species. Cryptogams of closed forests inhabited different substrates, and they were not associated only with the oldest stands. The low number of forest specialists in the oldest stands may be a general feature of acidophilus pine forests. However, it may also be a result of the lack of species sources in the vicinity of maturing pine stands. In managed forests a frequent diversity pattern is an increase in a species pool and richness after clear-cut logging. In the present study we obtained higher species pools in initiation and young stands, but richness was similar in all tree stand age classes. This resulted from taking into account species of different substrates (terrestrial, epixylous and epiphytic species) which changed their participation in the vegetation of subsequent stages of tree stand development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species diversity patterns in managed Scots pine stands in ancient forest sites

et al. 2019

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“…Forests with long historical continuity and old trees are well known to harbour rich lichen diversity (e.g. Rose 1976;Cieśliński & Tobolewski 1988;Faliński & Mułenko 1997;Marmor et al 2011;Wolseley et al 2017). Many species are used as indicators of woodland ecological continuity (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2011; Wolseley et al . 2017). Many species are used as indicators of woodland ecological continuity (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two new species ofArthoniaceaefrom old-growth European forests,Arthonia thorianaandInoderma sorediatum, and a new genus forSchismatomma niveum

Ertz¹,

Sanderson²,

Łubek

et al. 2018

The Lichenologist

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Two new species of Arthoniaceae are described from old-growth European forests: Arthonia thoriana from Horner Combe in Great Britain and Inoderma sorediatum from the Białowieża Forest in Poland. Phylogenetic analyses using mtSSU sequences were used to determine the generic affiliation of the two species. Arthonia thoriana is characterized by a non-lichenized white thallus, pallid brown, white pruinose ascomata of 0·12–0·30 mm diam., richly anastomosing paraphysoids and (1–2–)3-septate ascospores of 9–12×3·0–3·5 µm. Inoderma sorediatum differs from all other species of the genus by a sorediate thallus and the production of confluentic acid. It is the sister species to I. afromontanum in our phylogenetic analyses. The discovery of the new species supports the high value of these forests for biodiversity action plans. Phylogenetic analyses also place Schismatomma niveum in the Arthoniaceae and the new genus Snippocia is described to accommodate it. The genus Leprantha is resurrected for its type species (L. cinereopruinosa). A lectotype is designated for Arthonia pruinosella.

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“…For simple analyses of functional traits ( Fig 4 ), we employed a few basic traits commonly used in recent studies on lichen diversity [ 34 , 35 , 44 , 45 ]. They are: type of photobiont (cyanobacterial, trentepohlioid, others), complexity of thallus (microlichens, macrolichens) and presence/absence of vegetative diaspores.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploiting hot-spots; effective determination of lichen diversity in a Carpathian virgin forest

et al. 2018

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Although lichenized fungi are among the most reliable indicators of forest quality and represent a considerable part of forest biodiversity, methods maximizing completeness of their species lists per area are lacking. Employing a novel methodological approach including a multi-expert competition and a search for local hot-spot plots, we have obtained outstanding data about epiphytic lichen biota in a part of the largest Central European virgin forest reserve Uholka–Shyrokyi Luh situated in Ukrainian Carpathians. Our field research consisted of two four-day periods: (1) an overall floristic survey and a search for spots with raised lichen diversity, and (2) survey in four one-hectare plots established in lichen diversity hot-spots along an altitudinal gradient. Recorded alpha-diversities in plots ranged from 181–228 species, but estimated species richness is in the range 207–322 species. Detected gamma-diversity was 387 species; estimates are 409–484 species. 93% of the species found in the forest were recorded in plots, but only 65% outside the plots. This underlines the high-efficiency of the multi-expert competitive survey in diversity hot-spot plots. Species richness in each one-hectare plot was equal to the numbers of species obtained by floristic surveys of much larger old-growth forest areas in Central Europe. Gamma-diversity detected in the Uholka primeval forest far exceeded all numbers achieved in Central European old-growth forests. Our method appears to be both effective (it obtains a more nearly complete inventory of species) and practical (the resources required are not unreasonably large).

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Patterns and drivers of lichen species composition in a NW-European lowland deciduous woodland complex

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Species diversity patterns in managed Scots pine stands in ancient forest sites

Species diversity patterns in managed Scots pine stands in ancient forest sites

Two new species ofArthoniaceaefrom old-growth European forests,Arthonia thorianaandInoderma sorediatum, and a new genus forSchismatomma niveum

Exploiting hot-spots; effective determination of lichen diversity in a Carpathian virgin forest

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