Patterns of anal carcinoma by gender and marital status in Los Angeles County

Peters, Ruth; Mack, TM

doi:10.1038/bjc.1983.244

Cited by 108 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The findings of the present study parallel the results of similar studies in the United States (Peters & Mack, 1983;Daling et al, 1987) and support the hypothesis that anal cancer in England and Wales may be aetiologically associated with sexual practices. A case control study is required to investigate this association further.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Between 20 and 25% of the adult population of San Francisco's population (670,000) are believed to be homosexual according to the San Francisco Health and Police Departments. Peters and Mack (1983) found a similar association using the Los Angeles data for the annual incidence of anal cancer by marital status. They used single marital status at the time of tumour presentation as a marker for homosexuality and demonstrated a markedly higher incidence of anal cancer in single men than in married or divorced men.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…In the United States three studies have been published recently which have drawn attention to the possibility of a sexually transmissible agent as an aetiological factor (Austin, 1982;Peters & Mack, 1983;Dalin et al, 1983). These studies have all shown an association between single marital status in men and anal cancer; in one of these studies (Peters & Mack, 1983) single marital status was used as a population-based marker for homosexuality.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anal cancer and marital status

Scholefield

Jones²,

Cuzick³

et al. 1990

Br J Cancer

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Summary Anal cancer is a rare tumour in Britain and its epidemiology has not previously been studied in this country. Several studies from the United States have shown an association between single marital status at the time of tumour registration (as a marker of male homosexuality in these populations) and the incidence of anal cancer. This study has used registry information on martial status for anal cancer The registrations for anal and colonic cancers were tabulated, by gender, marital status (single, married, divorced, separated, widowed, unknown) and 5-year age group. Colonic cancer was chosen as the control disease as there is no suggestion that a sexually transmissible agent is involved in its aetiology and it has been used previously as the control in a similar study (Daling et al., 1987). Carcinomas arising in the rectum and at the rectosigmoid junction were excluded as it could be hypothesized that the rectum may be subjected to similar sexually transmissible carcinogens as the anus, but it seems unlikely that this argument could apply to the whole of the colon.Anal tumours classified as 'anal canal' or 'anus, unspecified' (ICD 9 codes 154.2 and 154.3) were requested from the Registry computers. Since the literature on anal cancer is confused about the distinction between the anal canal and the perianal skin, tumours classified as perianal skin (ICD 9 codes 172.5 and 173.5) were excluded as these codes include a heterogeneous group of tumours whose sites could not be accurately ascertained.Marital status at tumour registration was divided into two broad groups, 'never married' (single) in contrast to 'ever married' persons (married, separated, divorced or widowed). Those individuals whose marital status was unknown were excluded from the analysis. Odds ratios (OR) were computed by the Mantel Haenszel procedure (Armitage, 1985) and their significance was estimated by a normal approximation. Approximate 95% confidence levels (CI) were computed by a normal approximation to the log odds ratio.Patients for whom the Thames Registry had no information on marital status were identified and an attempt was made to ascertain their marital status from death certificates. Also, the accuracy of marital status records in the Thames Registry was checked by comparison with death certificates for a sample of the registrations of anal and colon cancers whose marital status was apparent from the Registry information. ResultsThe results for all three Registries are shown in Figure 1. From 1975From to 1987 Although a similar trend was seen in all three Registries, the magnitude was greatest in the Thames Registry, in which the odds ratio for anal cancer was 2.8 in 'never married' men compared to 'ever married' men with a 95% confidence interval of 2.1-3.8. The risk was similar for men under the age of 50 to that in older men. For women, never married individuals had a risk of 0.5 (95% confidence interval 0.3-0.7), with no clear differences according to age (Table I).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

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confidence: 99%

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Anal cancer and marital status

Scholefield

Jones²,

Cuzick³

et al. 1990

Br J Cancer

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“…During the last few years there has been a renewed interest in the relationship between anal cancer (squamous carcinoma of the anal margin or anal canal) and infection by human papillomaviruses (HPV). Anal cancer is a rare tumour, which in Britain accounts for only 2% of all anorectal malignancies.2 A few years ago it was noted that its incidence was higher in single men, and in men who had reactive syphilis serology, than in married men.3 4 This implied, although it did not prove, a relationship between the disease and anal eroticism in male homosexuals. Cases which appeared to support this hypothesis were reported by Cooper et al,5 who had treated four homosexual men with cloacogenic carcinoma, and by Li et al,6 who described squamous carcinoma of 4he anus in two homosexual men, one of whom gave a long history of anal condylomas.…”

Section: Human Papillomaviruses and Anal Cancermentioning

confidence: 97%

Human papillomaviruses and anal cancer.

Oriel¹

1989

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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“…Aqueles são: a infecção viral (condiloma anal), coito anal, história de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis, mais de 10 parceiros sexuais, história de câncer cervical, vulvar ou vaginal, imunossupressão após transplante de órgãos; estes são: a infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência, o uso prolongado de corticosteróides e o tabagismo. 33,34 Contudo, não desprezando as evidências que ligam os elementos virais à emergência do câncer anogenital, temos que considerar que há outros elementos de igual ou de maior importância, pois é muito grande a diferença entre a incidência populacional do HPV e a incidência do carcinoma anal 22 . Por esta razão, no dizer de Veron e col. 22 , é equivocado afirmar ser o HPV a "causa" da lesão em questão.…”

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Câncer ano-reto-cólico - aspectos atuais: I - câncer anal

Santos¹

2007

Rev bras. colo-proctol.

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RESUMO: A inclusão do tema -câncer anal -nessa revisão, apesar de sua relativa raridade, responde, em parte, ao propósito de chamar atenção para o significativo aumento dessa lesão e sua estreita relação com doenças sexualmente transmissíveis, principalmente causadas pelo vírus do papiloma humano (HPV); seus aspectos nosológicos, sua epidemiologia, sua etiologia multifatorial, seus fatores de riscos, sua prevenção e, em parte, para revelar a definição atual do tratamento. Os tumores anais podem ocorrer na borda anal ou no canal anal, até a transição com o reto. Os tumores que surgem na borda anal são lesões dermatológicas e, como tal, podem ser tratados apenas com excisão local. Por outro lado, os tumores que surgem no canal anal ou na zona de transição do canal anal com o reto sempre receberam atenção cirúrgica mais agressiva. DescritoresAtualmente, esses tumores podem ser curados com a associação de radio e quimioterapia 3-4 , diferente do que ocorreu no passado, quando a terapêutica era feita por meio da amputação do ânus e do reto deixando o paciente com colostomia definitiva 2 .O epitélio do canal anal -da borda anal até a linha pectínea -tem revestimento pluriestratificado do tipo escamoso. A linha pectínea -facilmente identificável -representa o epitélio de transição (escamoso e não escamoso) entre o distalmente escamoso revestimento do canal anal e o proximal representado pela mucosa do reto.Na fronteira entre o canal anal e o reto, o epitélio é constituído por células de transição onde se observam características semelhantes às do revestimento urogenital e da mucosa glandular do reto.Os tumores que aparecem distais à linha pectínea são carcinomas de células escamosas (ceratinizados), são também chamados de epidermóides; os oriundos de tecidos que estão logo acima da linha denteada são carcinomas de células escamosas (não ceratinizadas), chamados de epitelióides.O carcinoma epidermóide é o câncer mais comum do ânus e é responsável por 85% das lesões malignas dessa região 6 . Os outros, pelas diversidades histológicas, são denominados de tumores de células transicionais ou cloacogênicos, escamosos, basalóides, epitelióide e muco-epitelióides.7 Prefere-se, no entanto, que sejam reconhecidos como uma variante do tipo escamoso que perdeu a diferenciação final 3 . Como a

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Patterns of anal carcinoma by gender and marital status in Los Angeles County

Cited by 108 publications

References 29 publications

Anal cancer and marital status

Anal cancer and marital status

Human papillomaviruses and anal cancer.

Câncer ano-reto-cólico - aspectos atuais: I - câncer anal

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