Patterns of Yoga Practice and Physical Activity Following a Yoga Intervention for Adults With or at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Background The current study described patterns of yoga practice and examined differences in physical activity over time between individuals with or at risk for type 2 diabetes who completed an 8-week yoga intervention compared with controls. Methods A longitudinal comparative design measured the effect of a yoga intervention on yoga practice and physical activity, using data at baseline and postintervention months 3, 6, and 15. Results Disparate patterns of yoga practice occurred between intervention and control participants over time, but the subjective definition of yoga practice limits interpretation. Multilevel model estimates indicated that treatment group did not have a significant influence in the rate of change in physical activity over the study period. While age and education were not significant individual predictors, the inclusion of these variables in the model did improve fit. Conclusions Findings indicate that an 8-week yoga intervention had little effect on physical activity over time. Further research is necessary to explore the influence of yoga on behavioral health outcomes among individuals with or at risk for type 2 diabetes.

Recruiting adult participants to physical activity intervention studies using sport: a systematic review

“…18 20 21 25 28 29 32 33 35-40 Only five of these, however, reported maintaining a significant increase in PA from baseline at post-intervention follow-up 32 36 38-40 with four reverting to non-significant differences. 18 28 29 35 Furthermore, one study reported a significant increase in PA at the post-intervention follow-up but not at the end of the intervention 30 and another 27 had no significant changes in PA to report at the end of the intervention. In the studies that did not quantify PA, records of attendance were used to represent PA participation during the intervention period.…”

“…Full references for included papers are therefore listed in the bibliography. Studies were located in the UK (n=10), 18-27 USA (n=5), [28][29][30][31][32] Canada (n=3), [33][34][35] Norway (n=2), 36 37 Italy (n=1), 38 Switzerland (n=1) 39 and South America (n=1). 40 Nearly all the studies were quantitative experimental studies in design, with 9 randomised controlled trials, 18 27-30 32 33 35 40 2 nonrandomised controlled trials 25 37 and 11 before-andafter studies.…”

“…28-35 38-40 The main activities reportedly used, in isolation or combination, were dance (n=8), 23 25 23 24 36-38 and yoga (n=2). 28 30 A range of settings were used to deliver interventions, including professional football stadia and facilities, 18-21 26 leisure or sports facilities 22 25 28 31 33 34 and non-sporting community sites such as schools and churches. 27 29 36 38 The average reported intervention duration was 23.7 weeks (SD ±27.7 weeks, range 8-104 weeks).…”

Social Sutra: Yoga, identity, and health in New York’s changing neighborhoods

“…Taking note of the rapid, visible expansion of yoga studios in American cities, I explore the role of yoga as a social determinant of urban health and yoga's entanglements with race and class identities. Evidence-based research has substantiated the beneficial effects of yoga on physical afflictions including asthma, diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, rheumatoid arthritis, and in managing other painful conditions including scoliosis (Manocha, et al, 2002;Guarracino, et al 2006;Alexander, et al, 2012;Telles, et al 2011;Cade, et al 2010;Monroe, 2010;Wren, et al 2011;Tillbrook, et a, 2011). Yoga has also proved helpful in treatment for psychological conditions such as depression and for stress management (Shapiro, et al 2007;Yoshihara, et al 2011).…”

Energy Expenditure in Yoga versus Other Forms of Physical Activity

“…For example, several studies have reported an association between yoga and reduction in weight and BMI. [26][27][28][29] There are a number of potential pathways by which yoga may impact body weight regulation (Figure 1), and a brief review of the literature to highlight these potential pathways is included below. …”