Pavlovian conditioning of sexual arousal: First- and second-order effects.

Zamble, Edward; Hadad, G. Marilyn; Mitchell, John B. O.; Cutmore, Tim R.

doi:10.1037//0097-7403.11.4.598

Cited by 2 publications

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Pavlovian Conditioning: A Functional Perspective

Domjan

2005

Annu. Rev. Psychol.

317

192

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From a functional perspective, Pavlovian conditioning involves learning about conditioned stimuli (CSs) that have a pre-existing relation to an unconditioned stimulus (US) rather than learning about arbitrary or neutral CSs. In addition, the most important product of learning involves changes in how the organism responds to the US, not in how it responds to the CS, because the US is the more biologically relevant stimulus. These concepts are illustrated using examples from a variety of behavioral and physiological situations including caloric intake and digestion, breast feeding, poison-avoidance learning, eyeblink conditioning, sexual conditioning, fear conditioning, aggression, and drug tolerance and sensitization.

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Pavlovian Conditioning: A Functional Perspective

Domjan

2005

Annu. Rev. Psychol.

317

192

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On the value of advanced information about delayed rewards

Macías

Machado

Vasconcelos

2023

Preprint

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In a variety of laboratory preparations, several animal species prefer signaled over unsignaled outcomes. Here we examine whether pigeons prefer options that signal the delay to impending reward over options that do not and how this preference changes with the ratio of the delays. We offered pigeons repeated choices between two alternatives leading to a short or a long delay to reward. For one alternative (informative), the short and long delays were reliably signaled by different stimuli (e.g. SS for short delays, SL for long delays). For the other (non-informative), the delays were not reliably signaled by the stimuli presented (S1 and S2). Across conditions, we varied the durations of the short and long delays while keeping the average delay to reward constant. Pigeons preferred the informative over the non-informative option and this preference became stronger as the ratio of the long to the short delay increased. A modified version of the Δ-Σ hypothesis (González et al., 2020a) incorporating a contrast-like process between the immediacies to reward signaled by each stimulus accounted well for our findings. Functionally, we argue that a preference for signaled delays hinges on the potential instrumental advantage typically conveyed by information.

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Pavlovian conditioning of sexual arousal: First- and second-order effects.

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Pavlovian Conditioning: A Functional Perspective

Pavlovian Conditioning: A Functional Perspective

On the value of advanced information about delayed rewards

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