“…It has been determined that the changes in the industrial production index, interest rate, CPI, exchange rate, and oil prices explain the Kazakhstan stock market by 62%, the oil price and exchange rate variables, which are among the independent variables included in the model, are statistically significant and affect the stock market negatively. Gazel et al (2022) analyzed the relations between the stock market index returns of Russia, Turkey, Kazakhstan, and Ukraine and selected macroeconomic variables. This research used the stock market index quarterly data and macroeconomic data of Russia, Turkey, Kazakhstan, and Ukraine for the period 2009-2021 obtained from the Thomson Reuters database.…”