Paying out one versus paying out all trials and the decrease in behavioral and brain activity in the Balloon Analogue Risk Task

Xu, Sihua; Wang, Hua; Wang, Cencen

doi:10.1111/psyp.13510

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Especially, the FRN amplitude, which represents the brain sensitivity to the failure of decision-making, has been well documented (e.g., Xu et al, 2020a , b ). It is considered as the brain response to positive and negative outcomes, such as gain and loss ( Gehring and Willoughby, 2002 ; Yeung and Sanfey, 2004 ; Martín, 2012 ; Ma and Hu, 2015 ; Ma et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The “beauty premium” effect of voice attractiveness of long speech sounds in outcome-evaluation event-related potentials in a trust game

Shang

Liu

2022

Front. Psychol.

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Previous research suggested that people with attractive voices had an advantage in economic games, even if the voices were only presented for 400 ms. The present study investigated the influence of voice attractiveness on the cooperative trust behavior with longer exposure times to the voices. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded during the feedback outcome evaluation. Participants heard a voice of the partner for 2,040 ms and decided whether to invest to the partner for a possibility to gain more money. The results showed that participants made more invest choices to the attractive partners, replicating the “beauty premium” effect of the attractive voices. Moreover, participants were more likely to invest to male partners. The ERP analysis for the outcome showed that the difference waves of feedback-related negativity (FRN) amplitude were smaller in the attractive voice condition than in the unattractive voice condition, suggesting that the rewarding effect of attractive voices weakened the frustrating feelings of the loss. In sum, the present study confirms that attractive voices with longer presentation durations facilitate cooperative behavior and modulate the processing of feedback evaluations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The “beauty premium” effect of voice attractiveness of long speech sounds in outcome-evaluation event-related potentials in a trust game

Shang

Liu

2022

Front. Psychol.

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“…Second, at the later stage, we predicted that P3 would be larger when the participants gained (i.e., the conditions where the opponent cooperated). In addition, according to some recent findings, suggesting that the monetary payoffs manipulation (i.e., monetary payments for one randomly selected trial or all trials) has a null effect on P3 in outcome processing (Schmidt et al., 2019; Xu et al., 2020); therefore, we did not predict a difference in P3 amplitude between the monetary payoffs and non‐monetary payoffs conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Monetary payoffs modulate reciprocity expectations in outcome evaluations: An event‐related potential study

Jin

Zhong

2021

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Choosing cooperation or aggression relies on reciprocity preferences which refer to the tendency of an individual to return cooperative or aggressive action for cooperative or aggressive action (i.e., positive or negative reciprocity preference). The reciprocity preference is positively correlated with reciprocity expectation, wherein individuals with stronger reciprocity preferences may have higher expectations than future cooperative or aggressive behavior should be delivered by beneficiaries (positive reciprocity expectation) or victims (negative reciprocity expectation). Although previous studies have demonstrated that the presence of monetary payoffs enhances reciprocity preferences, the modulation of monetary payoffs in reciprocity expectations remains unclear. Using event‐related potentials (ERPs), we examined how monetary payoffs modulated reciprocity expectations by adopting the Chicken game. Participants were asked to choose between cooperation and aggression with a putative opponent in the Chicken game involving the monetary (vs. non‐monetary) payoffs. Participants’ electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded when they saw the opponent's cooperative or aggressive decision. Results showed that compared to the non‐monetary payoff trials, the feedback‐related negativity (FRN) effect in response to the opponent's decisions was stronger following the participant's aggressive decision in the monetary payoff trials, whereas P3 was insensitive to monetary payoffs. These findings suggest that monetary payoffs heighten expectations of negative reciprocity at the earlier and automatic outcome processing stage.

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“…If the number of participants inflated exceeds the bursting point, the balloons will explode and they loss the reward in this trial, but if the number of participants inflated is less than the popping point, the pump will work properly (i.e., the balloon will not explode and get rewards from the current trial). This investigation modified an experimental setting of actual incentives instead of virtual points, according to Xu et al (2019). For each pump in non-exploded trials, a monetary award of 10 cents of Chinese Yuan was offered (e.g., If the balloon does not explode, 6 pumps can get 0.6 yuan).…”

Section: Task and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

How competition modulates risky decision making? Evidence from event-related oscillations (EROs) and event-related potentials (ERPs)

Zhang¹

2021

Preprint

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The current research proposal envisages designing three experiments (the flow chart see Figure 6). While both the experimental approach and the design have their strengths and limitations, they will complement one another. In study 1, I sought to investigate the rewards and losses sensitivity under monetary and social competitive context by using two edited versions of classic experimental paradigms (the doors task and the island getaway task) and manipulating two ambiguity competitive contexts in order to adapt the invisible competitive pressure in the real society (Levinson et al., 2017). In study 2 and study 3, I intend to use the monetary and social BART to measure the risk preference under monetary-drive and social-drive competition. Study 2 will focus primarily on one-on-one competitive context while study 3 will replicate the similar influence in multi-people competition. In these two studies, social reference points will be considered as an important moderator in both monetary and social competition. The distance (far and near) of social reference points will also be included in these two studies.

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Paying out one versus paying out all trials and the decrease in behavioral and brain activity in the Balloon Analogue Risk Task

Cited by 19 publications

References 59 publications

The “beauty premium” effect of voice attractiveness of long speech sounds in outcome-evaluation event-related potentials in a trust game

The “beauty premium” effect of voice attractiveness of long speech sounds in outcome-evaluation event-related potentials in a trust game

Monetary payoffs modulate reciprocity expectations in outcome evaluations: An event‐related potential study

How competition modulates risky decision making? Evidence from event-related oscillations (EROs) and event-related potentials (ERPs)

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