PCDD and PCDF depletion in milk from dairy cows according to the herd metabolic scenario

Brambilla, G; Fochi, Igor; Falce, Michele; Filippis, Stefania Paola De; Ubaldi, A.; Domenico, Alessandro Di

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.11.071

Cited by 28 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In a few experimental studies, a single dose was provided and only the elimination phase was examined (Olling et al., ). Several authors described field studies dealing with the follow‐up of an incident and hence focussed on the elimination phase only (Tuinstra et al., ; Malisch, ; Brambilla et al., ; Hoogenboom et al., ). The latter studies are nevertheless useful to obtain an overall picture on the transfer of PCDD/Fs and DL‐PCBs to milk, especially when both the intake during the incident and excretion via the milk could be estimated.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins and dioxin‐like PCBs in feed and food

Knutsen¹,

Alexander²,

Barregård³

et al. 2018

EFS2

143

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The European Commission asked EFSA for a scientific opinion on the risks for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins (PCDD/Fs) and DL‐PCBs in feed and food. The data from experimental animal and epidemiological studies were reviewed and it was decided to base the human risk assessment on effects observed in humans and to use animal data as supportive evidence. The critical effect was on semen quality, following pre‐ and postnatal exposure. The critical study showed a NOAEL of 7.0 pg WHO2005‐TEQ/g fat in blood sampled at age 9 years based on PCDD/F‐TEQs. No association was observed when including DL‐PCB‐TEQs. Using toxicokinetic modelling and taking into account the exposure from breastfeeding and a twofold higher intake during childhood, it was estimated that daily exposure in adolescents and adults should be below 0.25 pg TEQ/kg bw/day. The CONTAM Panel established a TWI of 2 pg TEQ/kg bw/week. With occurrence and consumption data from European countries, the mean and P95 intake of total TEQ by Adolescents, Adults, Elderly and Very Elderly varied between, respectively, 2.1 to 10.5, and 5.3 to 30.4 pg TEQ/kg bw/week, implying a considerable exceedance of the TWI. Toddlers and Other Children showed a higher exposure than older age groups, but this was accounted for when deriving the TWI. Exposure to PCDD/F‐TEQ only was on average 2.4‐ and 2.7‐fold lower for mean and P95 exposure than for total TEQ. PCDD/Fs and DL‐PCBs are transferred to milk and eggs, and accumulate in fatty tissues and liver. Transfer rates and bioconcentration factors were identified for various species. The CONTAM Panel was not able to identify reference values in most farm and companion animals with the exception of NOAELs for mink, chicken and some fish species. The estimated exposure from feed for these species does not imply a risk.

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Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins and dioxin‐like PCBs in feed and food

Knutsen¹,

Alexander²,

Barregård³

et al. 2018

EFS2

143

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Other studies followed up the depletion of PCDD/Fs on affected farms after removal of the source, like citrus pulp (Malisch, 2000), minerals (Brambilla et al, 2008) or potato peels with kaolinic clay . These studies in general show rather high carry-over of PCDD/Fs to the milk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carry-over of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in dairy cows fed smoke contaminated maize silage or sugar beet pulp

et al. 2015

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“…Therefore, as lipid and thus PCB-153 body burdens are depleted, dietary PCB-153 constitutes a greater proportion of chemical found in milk. However, the appearance of dietary PCB-153 in milk is probably delayed: Brambilla et al (2008) showed that cows fed a diet contaminated with polychlorinated dibenzo- p -dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) produced contaminated milk 4 weeks later, whereas contamination tapered off within 75 days after supplement withdrawal. It is probable that a meal particularly high in PCB-153 will not directly result in higher levels in the milk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling for the Human Lactational Transfer of PCB-153 with Consideration of Worldwide Human Biomonitoring Results

Redding

Sohn

McKone

et al. 2008

Environ Health Perspect

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BackgroundOne of the most serious human health concerns related to environmental contamination with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is the presence of these chemicals in breast milk.ObjectivesWe developed a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model of PCB-153 in women, and predict its transfer via lactation to infants. The model is the first human, population-scale lactational model for PCB-153. Data in the literature provided estimates for model development and for performance assessment.MethodsWe used physiologic parameters from a cohort in Taiwan and reference values given in the literature to estimate partition coefficients based on chemical structure and the lipid content in various body tissues. Using exposure data from Japan, we predicted acquired body burden of PCB-153 at an average childbearing age of 25 years and compared predictions to measurements from studies in multiple countries. We attempted one example of reverse dosimetry modeling using our PBPK model for possible exposure scenarios in Canadian Inuits, the population with the highest breast milk PCB-153 level in the world.ResultsForward-model predictions agree well with human biomonitoring measurements, as represented by summary statistics and uncertainty estimates.ConclusionThe model successfully describes the range of possible PCB-153 dispositions in maternal milk, suggesting a promising option for back-estimating doses for various populations.

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PCDD and PCDF depletion in milk from dairy cows according to the herd metabolic scenario

Cited by 28 publications

References 13 publications

Risk for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins and dioxin‐like PCBs in feed and food

Risk for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins and dioxin‐like PCBs in feed and food

Carry-over of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in dairy cows fed smoke contaminated maize silage or sugar beet pulp

Population Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling for the Human Lactational Transfer of PCB-153 with Consideration of Worldwide Human Biomonitoring Results

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