PCDD/F-contamination in a hexachlorocyclohexane waste site in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Braga, Ana Maria Cheble Bahia; Krauss, Thomas Manfred; Santos, Cláudia R Reis dos; Souza, Priscila Mesquita de

doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(01)00281-8

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Technical grade HCH (33) largely consists of ␣-HCH (60 to 70%), with ␤-HCH (5 to 12%), ␥-HCH (10 to 15%), and ␦-HCH (6 to 10%) (16). As a result of the extensive use of lindane dust and technical HCH over the years and despite the recent ban on the use of HCH, several countries are currently faced with two very serious problems: (i) soil contamination with small amounts of HCH and (ii) highly contaminated sites where lindane was produced and purified or disposed of (5,25).…”

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confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Multiple lin Gene Expression in Sphingomonas paucimobilis B90A in Response to Different Hexachlorocyclohexane Isomers

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Lawlor

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Sphingomonas paucimobilis B90A is able to degrade the ␣-, ␤-, ␥-, and ␦-isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH). It contains the genes linA, linB, linC, linD, linE, and linR, which have been implicated in HCH degradation. In this study, dynamic expression of the lin genes was measured in chemostat-grown S. paucimobilis B90A by RNA dot blot hybridization and real-time reverse transcriptase PCR upon exposure to a pulse of different HCH isomers. Irrespective of the addition of HCH, linA, linB, and linC were all expressed constitutively. In contrast, linD and linE were induced with ␣-HCH (2 mg/liter) and ␥-HCH (7 mg/liter). A sharp increase in mRNA levels for linD and linE was observed from 10 to 45 min after the addition of ␣-or ␥-HCH. Induction of linD and linE was not detectable upon the addition of 0.7 mg of ␥-HCH per liter, although the compound was degraded by the cells. The addition of ␤-HCH (5 mg/liter) or ␦-HCH (20 mg/liter) did not lead to linE and linD induction, despite the fact that 50% of the compounds were degraded. This suggests that degradation of ␤-and ␦-HCH proceeds by a different pathway than that of ␣-and ␥-HCH.Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) has been extensively used for the control of insect pests on agriculturally important crops, seeds, and vegetables, in forestry, and in vector control (34). Mainly two forms of HCH, lindane (␥-HCH) and a technical mixture of all isomers, have been applied. Technical grade HCH (33) largely consists of ␣-HCH (60 to 70%), with ␤-HCH (5 to 12%), ␥-HCH (10 to 15%), and ␦-HCH (6 to 10%) (16). As a result of the extensive use of lindane dust and technical HCH over the years and despite the recent ban on the use of HCH, several countries are currently faced with two very serious problems: (i) soil contamination with small amounts of HCH and (ii) highly contaminated sites where lindane was produced and purified or disposed of (5, 25).Although HCH is persistent and difficult to biodegrade, a few microorganisms have been isolated which can degrade one or more HCH isomers under aerobic conditions (27,29,31). Most of the strains, such as Sphingomonas paucimobilis UT26, degrade ␣-and ␥-HCH but do not degrade ␤-HCH. Only one strain has been described, S. paucimobilis B90A (9), the parent strain of strain B90 (14, 15), that is able to degrade the four ␣-, ␤-, ␥-, and ␦-HCH isomers, although with different rates and not to completion for the ␤-and ␦-HCH isomers. The degradation pathway for ␥-HCH is well established from work on S. paucimobilis strain UT26 (20-24). Degradation of ␥-HCH is mediated by the products of the so-called lin genes (23). It is assumed that ␣-HCH is degraded through the same pathway, but this has not been proven for ␤-and ␦-HCH. S. paucimobilis strains UT26 and B90A have very similar lin gene sequences and organizations (9,15). In contrast to typical degradation pathways in, for example, Pseudomonas or Ralstonia, where very long polycistronic operons are common (10,17,36), the genes for lindane degradation in S. paucimobilis are not organized within one or...

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confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Multiple lin Gene Expression in Sphingomonas paucimobilis B90A in Response to Different Hexachlorocyclohexane Isomers

Suar

Meer

Lawlor

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…PCDD/ F concentrations in the remediated area reached values of 13900 ng I-TEQ/kg soil. Moreover, dioxin levels in cow's milk produced in this region is the highest concentration found in comparison to other regions in Brazil 60 . 1500 families were contaminated and 18 Cancer falls were reported as the contamination was discovered.…”

Section: Cidade Dos Meninos -Duque De Caxias Rjmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…The hexachlorocyclohexane factory was opened in 1949 by the Ministry of Health and closed ten years latter due to increased production costs 60 . The contamination of the site was stated in 1989, after denunciation of an illegal commerce of Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) in a free market in Rio de Janeiro.…”

Section: Cidade Dos Meninos -Duque De Caxias Rjmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), dibenzofurans (PCDF) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB): main sources, environmental behaviour and risk to man and biota

Pereira¹

2004

Quím. Nova

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“…6 Available data on concentrations of PCDD/Fs in the environment (air, soil, water or sediments), animals, food and even in the human body, or levels of emissions from possible sources of unintentional formation, are scarce in Brazil. 15 Moreover, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) has published data on concentrations of PCDD/Fs in soils of assorted locations in Brazil. The range levels reported were between 0.03-900 ng I-TEQ kg -1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCDD/Fs and PCBs in Soils: a Study of Case in the City of Belo Horizonte‑MG

Pussente¹,

Dam²,

Leeuwen³

et al. 2016

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Dioxins (polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)) are substances that represent a global concern due to their ubiquitous presence and toxicity. Industrial processes and other human activities as well as uncontrollable accidents are the main sources that release these pollutants into the environment. The presence of these compounds has been reported in soils from Europe, Asia and Africa, but currently, there is not much information of dioxin levels in soils from Brazil. This paper presents the levels of PCDD/Fs, dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs) and non-dioxin-like PCBs (ndl-PCBs) in soils collected from urban areas of Belo Horizonte city, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Total toxic equivalents (TEQ) observed ranged from 0.43 to 4.54 ng TEQ kg -1 d.m. The highest concentration TEQ found was 2.68 (± 1.63) ng TEQ kg -1 d.m. The low total TEQ achieved suggests that the locations evaluated are not being affected by possible sources of dioxin emissions, although Belo Horizonte is surrounded by a number of them.

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PCDD/F-contamination in a hexachlorocyclohexane waste site in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Cited by 23 publications

References 3 publications

Dynamics of Multiple lin Gene Expression in Sphingomonas paucimobilis B90A in Response to Different Hexachlorocyclohexane Isomers

Dynamics of Multiple lin Gene Expression in Sphingomonas paucimobilis B90A in Response to Different Hexachlorocyclohexane Isomers

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), dibenzofurans (PCDF) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB): main sources, environmental behaviour and risk to man and biota

PCDD/Fs and PCBs in Soils: a Study of Case in the City of Belo Horizonte‑MG

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