PCR and in Situ Hybridisation of Tetracapsula Bryosalmonae (PKX), the Causative Agent of Proliferative Kidney Disease

Morris, David J.; Adams, Alexandra

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-2315-2_12

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The disease principally affects the kidney of fingerling rainbow trout resulting in a pathological inflammatory response (Ferguson & Needham 1978). Diagnosis of T. bryosalmonae infection has been achieved using a variety of methods (Morris & Adams 2002). Initially, kidney imprints stained with May-Grunwald-Giemsa were used to identify the extrasporogonic stages of the parasite within the kidney (Klontz & Chacko 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of carbohydrate terminals on Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae using lectin histochemistry and immunogold electron microscopy

Morris

Adams

2004

Journal of Fish Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae is the myxozoan parasite that causes the commercially important proliferative kidney disease (PKD) in salmonid aquaculture. Previous studies on the binding of lectins to T. bryosalmonae identified Griffonia simplificola agglutinin I (GS I) as useful for parasite identification. This lectin was also implicated as recognizing antigenic structures on the parasite. Here, we examine the histochemical staining and ultrastructural localization of a panel of 21 lectins on the extrasporogonic stage of T. bryosalmonae. The histochemical staining studies indicated that the majority of lectins bound to the renal stages of T. bryosalmonae, however not all of these lectins could be successfully localized using immunogold electron microscopy. Of the lectins that were localized many, including GS I, bound to membranes associated with the lysosomal pathway within the extrasporogonic primary cell of the parasite, indicating that these organelles are rich in glycoconjugates. The histochemical staining of Erythrina cristagalli ECL was unique and highlighted a different distribution of glycoconjugates in the periphery of some extrasporogonic parasites within the renal sinuses when compared with stages in the interstitium, suggesting the presence of distinct blood forms of T. bryosalmonae.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of carbohydrate terminals on Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae using lectin histochemistry and immunogold electron microscopy

Morris

Adams

2004

Journal of Fish Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The causative agent is a myxozoan parasite formerly known as PKX and now named Tetracapsula bryosalmonae (Canning, Curry, Feist, Longshaw & Okamura 1999). Morris & Adams (2002) recently described the variety of methods that have been utilized to detect T. bryosalmonae. These included non-specific techniques such as staining imprints and formalin fixed tissue sections, phase contrast microscopy of kidney smears and immunohistochemistry (IHC) using lectins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of improved PCR to prevent false positives and false negatives in the detection ofTetracapsula bryosalmonae, the causative agent of proliferative kidney disease

Morris

Adams

2002

Journal of Fish Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Proliferative kidney disease (PKD) is an economically significant disease caused by the myxozoan parasite Tetracapsula bryosalmonae. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocols using primers specific for the small subunit ribosomal RNA (18S rDNA) gene of the parasite enable detection, however, false positive and negative results can render detection inconclusive. In this study a decontamination protocol was developed, using hydroxylamine hydrochloride (H), to prevent false positives by blocking re‐amplification of carry‐over contaminants. A mimic molecule was also developed and used as a competitive internal standard coamplified with target DNA in PCRs, revealing both true and false negatives. The sensitivity of one new and two existing primer sets was assessed with all primers detecting DNA equivalent to at least eight parasite cells per gram of tissue. This improved PCR protocol canprovide more reliable testing for T. bryosalmonae.

show abstract

“…The presence of intraluminal sporogonic stages in renal tubules of brown trout (Salmo trutta), grayling (Thymallus thymallus), and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) have also been described by Clifton-Hadley and Feist (1989) and Feist and Bucke (1993). Lectin and antibody reagents and PCR and ISH protocols have demonstrated that these intraluminal sporogonic forms are indeed late developmental stages of T. bryosalmonae (Marin de Mateo et al 1993;Saulnier and de Kinkelin 1996;Kent et al 1998;Morris and Adams 2002). The lack of hardened valves and the failure to release spores from the enveloping cell or pseudoplasmodium were viewed as evidence that mature spores do not form in the rainbow trout host Canning et al 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Malacosporean-like spores in urine of rainbow trout react with antibody and DNA probes to Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae

Hedrick

Baxa

Kinkelin

et al. 2004

Parasitology Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae is the myxozoan parasite causing proliferative kidney disease (PKD) of salmonid fishes in Europe and North America. The complete life cycle of the parasite remains unknown despite recent discoveries that the stages infectious for fish develop in freshwater bryozoans. During the course of examinations of the urine of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with or recovering from PKD we identified spores with features similar to those of T. bryosalmonae found in the bryozoan host. Spores found in the urine were subspherical, with a width of 16 micro m and height of 14 microm, and possessed two soft valves surrounding two spherical polar capsules (2 microm in diameter) and a single sporoplasm. The absence of hardened valves is a distinguishing characteristic of the newly established class Malacosporea that includes T. bryosalmonae as found in the bryozoan host. The parasite in the urine of rainbow trout possessed only two polar capsules and two valve cells compared to the four polar capsules and four valves observed in the spherical spores of 19 microm in diameter from T. bryosalmonae from the bryozoan host. Despite morphological differences, a relationship between the spores in the urine of rainbow trout and T. bryosalmonae was demonstrated by binding of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies and DNA probes specific to T. bryosalmonae.

show abstract

PCR and in Situ Hybridisation of Tetracapsula Bryosalmonae (PKX), the Causative Agent of Proliferative Kidney Disease

Cited by 7 publications

References 38 publications

Localization of carbohydrate terminals on Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae using lectin histochemistry and immunogold electron microscopy

Localization of carbohydrate terminals on Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae using lectin histochemistry and immunogold electron microscopy

Development of improved PCR to prevent false positives and false negatives in the detection ofTetracapsula bryosalmonae, the causative agent of proliferative kidney disease

Malacosporean-like spores in urine of rainbow trout react with antibody and DNA probes to Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About