Pd@Pt Core−Shell Nanostructures with Controllable Composition Synthesized by a Microwave Method and Their Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activity toward Oxygen Reduction and Methanol Oxidation

Zhang, Hui; Yin, Yaozu; Yao, Hang; Li, Chunyun; Wu, Ping; Wei, Shaohua; Cai, Chen

doi:10.1021/jp101243k

Cited by 169 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 59 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

103

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…7. The intense peak at around 0.05 V for Pd@Pt NDs/C was originated from the Pd surface uncovered by the porous Pt shell [26] and this peak was weakened gradually during the potential cycling, further confirming the dissolution of Pd. After 300 cycles, PdPt NCs are obtained, and that intense peak on the CV curve completely disappears.…”

Section: Electrocatalytic Performancesmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…(2 2 2) planes of the FCC structure of Pt and Pd, respectively. Because Pt and Pd possess the same crystal structure (FCC) and very close lattice parameter, the sets of diffraction peaks of Pt and Pd are overlapped [25,26]. The diffraction peaks of Pd@Pt NDs/C are sharper than that of Pt/C, indicating larger particle size and good crystallinity of Pd@Pt NDs.…”

Section: Physical Characterization Of Pd@pt Ndsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Electrochemical preparation and characterization of PdPt nanocages with improved electrocatalytic activity toward oxygen reduction reaction

Zhang

Shao

et al. 2013

Electrochimica Acta

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Electrocatalytic Performancesmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Physical Characterization Of Pd@pt Ndsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical preparation and characterization of PdPt nanocages with improved electrocatalytic activity toward oxygen reduction reaction

Zhang

Shao

et al. 2013

Electrochimica Acta

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Microwave irradiation has been applied in the microwave-assisted synthesis of inorganic nanostructured materials, including metals [71][72][73], semimetals [74,75], alloys [73,76], metal oxides [77][78][79][80], metal sulfides [55,[81][82][83], and others [84,85].…”

Section: Microwave-assisted Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphitized nanocarbon-supported metal catalysts: synthesis, properties, and applications in heterogeneous catalysis

Huang

2017

Sci. China Mater.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Graphitized nanocarbon materials can be an ideal catalyst support for heterogeneous catalytic systems. Their unique physical and chemical properties, such as large surface area, high adsorption capacity, excellent thermal and mechanical stability, outstanding electronic properties, and tunable porosity, allow the anchoring and dispersion of the active metals. Therefore, currently they are used as the key support material in many catalytic processes. This review summarizes recent relevant applications in supported catalysts that use graphitized nanocarbon as supports for catalytic oxidation, hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, and C-C coupling reactions in liquid-phase and gas-solid phase-reaction systems. The latest developments in specific features derived from the morphology and characteristics of graphitized nanocarbon-supported metal catalysts are highlighted, as well as the differences in the catalytic behavior of graphitized nanocarbon-supported metal catalysts versus other related catalysts. The scientific challenges and opportunities in this field are also discussed. Keywords: nanocarbon materials; graphitized carbon supports; metal catalysts; hetergeneous catalysis INTRODUCTIONCarbon combines its atoms in diverse hybridization states (sp, sp 2 , sp 3 ) to form a variety of polymorphs. These are composed entirely of carbon but have different physical structures and different names, including diamond, graphite, fullerenes, and carbines, among others [1][2][3][4][5]. Because these various and versatile allotropes produce materials with a large range of properties, carbon materials can be used in a number of technological processes, including high-tech catalytic ones [6][7][8][9][10].In heterogeneous catalysis, carbon material plays wellestablished and important roles in a wide range of applications, both as catalyst in its own right and as a unique support material [11][12][13][14][15]. The chemical stability of carbon supports in some specifically aqueous phase biomass conversion surpasses that of metal oxide materials; in addition, carbon materials present other common and key advantages as support materials for catalysis [1,5]. From the point of physical structure, porous carbon can be prepared in different forms (granules, cloth, fibers, pallets, etc.). Due to its chemical properties, carbon structure is resistant to both acidic and basic media. The structure of carbon is stable at high temperature (even above 1023 K under inert atmosphere). The hydrophilic/ hydrophobic nature of carbon can be easily modified. Active metals on the support can be easily reduced. For the purposes of industrial economy and environment, the active phase can be easily recovered. Conventional carbon supports are lower-cost and more easily available than other conventional supports. Although several kinds of carbon materials have been studied, active carbon (AC) [12,[16][17][18][19] and, to a lesser extend, carbon black [20][21][22][23] have long been the most commonly used carbon supports. AC is an amorphous solid prepa...

show abstract

“…20) [403,[406][407][408], and in the past few years, an enormous amount of studies related to Pd@Pt core-shell-structured catalysts for ORR have been conducted, and great efforts have been made to improve catalytic activities through controlling shell thicknesses, core sizes or morphologies. In terms of shell thickness, a monolayer is in theory ideal and has been elaborately achieved through the use of different methods including the UPD, the ALD and the sputtering deposition, exhibiting better catalytic activities for ORRs than pure Pt due to strain and ligand effects [45,59,65,66,299,301,304,334]. However, experimental results have indicated that optimum Pt thicknesses involve 2~3 atomic layers, rather than the monolayer for catalytic performances [297,299,409,410].…”

Section: Pd As Corementioning

confidence: 99%

Core–Shell-Structured Low-Platinum Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cell Applications

Wang

Luo

et al. 2018

Electrochem. Energ. Rev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pt-based catalysts are the most efficient catalysts for low-temperature fuel cells. However, commercialization is impeded by prohibitively high costs and scarcity. One of the most effective strategies to reduce Pt loading is to deposit a monolayer or a few layers of Pt over other metal cores to form core-shell-structured electrocatalysts. In core-shell-structured electrocatalysts, the compositions of the core can be divided into five classes: single-precious metallic cores represented by Pd, Ru, and Au; singlenon-precious metallic cores represented by Cu, Ni, Co, and Fe; alloy cores containing 3d, 4d or 5d metals; and carbide and nitride cores. Of these, researchers have found that carbide and nitride cores can yield tremendous advantages over alloy cores in terms of cost and promotional activities of Pt shells. In addition, desirable shells with reasonable thicknesses and compositions have been recognized to play a dominant role in electrocatalytic performances. And recently, researchers have also found that the catalytic activity of core-shell-structured catalysts is dependent on the binding energy of the adsorbents, which is determined by the d-band center of Pt. The shifting of this d-band center in turn is mainly affected by strain and electronic effects, which can be adjusted by adjusting core compositions and shell thicknesses of catalysts. In the development of these core-shell structures, optimal synthesis methods are of primary concern because they directly determine the practical application potential of the resulting electrocatalysts. And in this article, the principles behind core-shell-structured low-Pt electrocatalysts and the developmental progresses of various synthesis methods along with the traits of each type of core and its effects on Pt shell catalytic activities are discussed. In addition, perspectives on this type of catalyst are discussed and future research directions are proposed.

show abstract

Pd@Pt Core−Shell Nanostructures with Controllable Composition Synthesized by a Microwave Method and Their Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activity toward Oxygen Reduction and Methanol Oxidation

Cited by 169 publications

References 59 publications

Electrochemical preparation and characterization of PdPt nanocages with improved electrocatalytic activity toward oxygen reduction reaction

Electrochemical preparation and characterization of PdPt nanocages with improved electrocatalytic activity toward oxygen reduction reaction

Graphitized nanocarbon-supported metal catalysts: synthesis, properties, and applications in heterogeneous catalysis

Core–Shell-Structured Low-Platinum Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cell Applications

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About