Pd-Sn alloy nanoparticles for electrocatalytic methanol oxidation: Phase evolution from solid solution to intermetallic compounds

Xue, Jinna; Hu, Zheng; Li, Hui; Liu, Chang; Li, Min; Yang, Qiuhua; Hu, Shengsun

doi:10.1007/s12274-022-4565-2

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Many studies suggest that the ordered intermetallic catalysts show higher catalytic activity and durability than their disordered phases. [100][101][102][103] Compared with random alloyed and ordered intermetallic catalysts which have been discussed in many previous reviews, [104][105][106][107] high-entropy alloys (HEAs) and single-atom alloys (SAAs) are two new emerging alloy systems and have attracted intense research interests toward methanol electrocatalysis.…”

Section: Emerging Alloy Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Electrocatalytic Methanol Oxidation Reaction: Longstanding Debates and Emerging Catalysts

et al. 2023

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The study of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) has lasted around 70 years, since the first investigation in the early 1950s. Though enormous effort has been devoted in this field, it is still far from commercialization. The methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), as a semi‐reaction of DMFCs, is the bottleneck reaction that restricts the overall performance of DMFCs. To date, there has been intense debate on the complex six‐electron reaction, but barely any reviews have systematically discussed this topic. To this end, the controversies and progress regarding the electrocatalytic mechanisms, performance evaluations as well as the design science toward MOR electrocatalysts are summarized. This review also provides a comprehensive introduction on the recent development of emerging MOR electrocatalysts with a focus on the innovation of the alloy, core–shell structure, heterostructure, and single‐atom catalysts. Finally, perspectives on the future outlook toward study of the mechanisms and design of electrocatalysts are provided.

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Section: Emerging Alloy Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Electrocatalytic Methanol Oxidation Reaction: Longstanding Debates and Emerging Catalysts

et al. 2023

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“…The excessive use of traditional fossil fuels has brought a lot of environmental problems to mankind, so it is urgent to seek clean energy storage and conversion technology to solve the pollution problem. − Fuel cells have received a lot of attention from scientists because they emit only water. − Among them, direct methanol fuel cells have attracted much attention because of their convenient synthesis and transportation of raw materials. , Palladium is the most promising candidate to catalyze the electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol in direct methanol fuel cells. − However, palladium is a rare metal, and its high price and rare reserves strictly limit its large-scale use in fuel cells . Therefore, it is very important to design and synthesize efficient Pd-based electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation to reduce the dosage of palladium atoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14−16 Among them, direct methanol fuel cells have attracted much attention because of their convenient synthesis and transportation of raw materials. 17,18 Palladium is the most promising candidate to catalyze the electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol in direct methanol fuel cells. 19−21 However, palladium is a rare metal, and its high price and rare reserves strictly limit its large-scale use in fuel cells.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus-Doped PdSn Nanocatalyst with Abundant Defective Atoms for Enhanced Methanol Oxidation

Liu

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The design of the nanostructure of palladium-based nanocatalysts is considered to be a very effective way to improve the performance of nanocatalysts. Recent studies have shown that multiphase nanostructures can increase the active sites of palladium catalysts, thus effectively improving the catalytic efficiency of palladium atoms. However, it is difficult to regulate the phase structure of Pd nanocatalysts to form a compound phase structure. In this work, PdSnP nanocatalysts with different compositions were synthesized by fine-regulating the doping amount of phosphorus atoms. The results show that the doping of phosphorus atoms not only changes the composition of PdSn nanocatalysts but also changes the microstructure, forming amorphous and crystalline multiphase structures. This multiphase nanostructure contains abundant interfacial defects, which effectively promotes the electrocatalytic oxidation efficiency of Pd atoms in small-molecule alcohols. Compared with the undoped PdSn nanocatalyst (480 mA mg Pd −1 and 2.28 mA cm −2 ) and the commercial Pd/C catalyst (397 mA mg Pd −1 and 1.15 mA cm −2 ), the mass (1746 mA mg Pd −1) and specific activities (8.56 mA cm −2 ) of PdSn 0.38 P 0.05 nanocatalysts in the methanol oxidation reaction were increased by 3.6 and 3.8 times and 4.4 and 7.4 times, respectively. This study provides a new synthesis strategy for the design and synthesis of efficient palladium-based nanocatalysts for the oxidation of small-molecule alcohols.

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“…To reduce the catalyst's cost and accelerate the sluggish kinetics, the synthesis of multicomponent Pd-based alloy catalysts has been investigated. 15−18 The integration of Sn, 19 Ni, 20 Cu, 21 Ru, 22 Rh, 23 Ag, 24 Er, 25 or Au 8 modifies the structural and electronic properties of Pd, with the potential to remarkably boost the MOR activity and durability. 26 Among these bimetallic electrocatalysts, the solid-solution Pd−Au alloy catalyzes through a direct −OOH formation pathway 27 and exhibits superior activity in the selective oxidation of methanol; 28−30 therefore, it has been the focus of numerous studies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, to reach sufficient reaction kinetics, an electro-catalyst must be used to improve the rate-determining step of −COOH species formation in the MOR by reducing its activation barrier. , Palladium (Pd) metal is considered the prime candidate for MOR electrochemical catalyst, owing to its excellent stability, but the high cost and low activity toward MOR have restricted its potential application. To reduce the catalyst’s cost and accelerate the sluggish kinetics, the synthesis of multicomponent Pd-based alloy catalysts has been investigated. − The integration of Sn, Ni, Cu, Ru, Rh, Ag, Er, or Au modifies the structural and electronic properties of Pd, with the potential to remarkably boost the MOR activity and durability …”

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confidence: 99%

Revealing Compositional Evolution of PdAu Electrocatalyst by Atom Probe Tomography

et al. 2023

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Pd-based electro-catalysts are a key component to improve the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) kinetics from alcohol fuel cells. However, the performance of such catalysts is degraded over time. To understand the microstructural/atomic scale chemical changes responsible for such an effect, scanning (transmission) electron microscopy measurements and atom probe tomography were performed after accelerated degradation tests. No morphological changes are observed after 1000 MOR cycles. In contrast, (1) Pd and B are leached from PdAu nanoparticles and (2) Au-rich regions are formed at the surface of the catalyst. These insights highlight the importance of understanding the chemical modification occurring upon MOR to design new catalysts.

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Pd-Sn alloy nanoparticles for electrocatalytic methanol oxidation: Phase evolution from solid solution to intermetallic compounds

Cited by 19 publications

References 35 publications

Toward Electrocatalytic Methanol Oxidation Reaction: Longstanding Debates and Emerging Catalysts

Toward Electrocatalytic Methanol Oxidation Reaction: Longstanding Debates and Emerging Catalysts

Phosphorus-Doped PdSn Nanocatalyst with Abundant Defective Atoms for Enhanced Methanol Oxidation

Revealing Compositional Evolution of PdAu Electrocatalyst by Atom Probe Tomography

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