Pd44-02 nocturia: A Red Alarm for Cardiovascular Events Mediated by Central Arterial Stiffness?

Abstract

Cutting sodium intake is considered to ameliorate nocturia and the positive correlation between estimated daily sodium intake and nocturia has been recognized recently in urology clinics. However, this relation can be still controversial to apply to the general population. Here we analyzed this relation cross-sectionally and longitudinally in the Nagahama cohort study.METHODS: The Nagahama cohort study is a population-based health survey in Nagahama city, Japan and comprised of a questionnaire survey, physiological, and biochemical measures of participants aged 30-75 years. The first survey was performed from 2008 to 2010, and the follow-up evaluation was performed after 5 years as the second survey. Among them, a total of 7557 participants of median age 58 years (2593 in male and 4964 in female) with nocturia less than 4 times were analyzed in this study. We excluded participants who did not attend the second survey or with missing data for the analyses. Nocturia was assessed by IPSS Q7 and estimated daily sodium intake was calculated using Tanaka's formula (Tanaka T, et al J Hum Hypertens. 2002, 16: 97-103). The nocturia progression was defined here as equal or more than 2 times increase of nighttime voiding during the 5 years. The associations of estimated daily sodium intake and nocturia were evaluated in multivariate models including baseline characteristics as age, sex, BMI, activity, alcohol and smoking, and clinical variables as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, renal insufficiency, depressive symptoms, insomnia and sleep apnea. RESULTS: The cross-sectional analysis showed an inverse correlation between the estimated daily sodium intake and nocturia (defined as nighttime voiding frequency >[1 time) in female participants only (OR 0.966, p[0.025), but this significant relation was not observed in more severe nocturia (nighttime voiding frequency >[2 or >[3). The longitudinal analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between the estimated daily sodium intake and nocturia progression in female participants (OR 1.187, p[0.0003), but not in males.CONCLUSIONS: Careful consideration is required for the relation between estimated daily sodium intake and nocturia in the general population since the inverse correlation was observed in female participants in the cross-sectional study. On the other hand, the positive correlation was obtained between estimated sodium intake and nocturia progression in the longitudinal study, which indicates that there is a specific female group susceptible to high sodium intake in progression of nocturia.