Peanut residue distribution gradients and tillage practices determine patterns of nitrogen mineralization

Jani, Arun Dilipkumar; Mulvaney, Michael J.; Enloe, Heather A.; Erickson, John E.; León, Ramón G.; Rowland, Diane; Wood, C. W.

doi:10.1007/s10705-018-9962-2

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Findings from this study highlight the large discrepancy between estimates of N mineralization that are based on chemical extractions from peanut residue‐amended soils and estimates that are made by direct measurements of mass loss from peanut residues (Balkcom et al., ; Jani et al., ; Mulvaney et al., ). Mulvaney et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…While the C/N ratio of peanut stems may have been sufficiently low to result in only minor differences in N mineralization between leaf-and stem-amended soils, residue biochemical composition does not explain why the soil-only control mineralized similar amounts of N as soil amended with stems or residues mixtures. Findings from this study highlight the large discrepancy between estimates of N mineralization that are based on chemical extractions from peanut residue-amended soils and estimates that are made by direct measurements of mass loss from peanut residues (Balkcom et al, 2004;Jani et al, 2019;Mulvaney et al, 2017). Mulvaney et al (2017) estimated that peanut residues loaded at 3.5 Mg ha −1 would mineralize 40.5-57.3 kg N ha −1 (66%-81% of total residue N), from the same varieties and soil series used in the present study, over a 252-day period under field conditions in Alabama, and that a large proportion of mineralized N would be released within the first 30 days of application.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Previous studies have also shown that crop residues applied to the soil surface in an open atmosphere, such as a field environment or laboratory soil column, become desiccated more rapidly than buried residues (Coppens, Garnier, De Gryze, Merckx, & Recous, 2006;Coppens et al, 2007), often resulting in lower rates of C and N mineralization from surface residues relative to incorporated residues (Coppens et al, 2006;Jani et al, 2019;Mulvaney et al, 2017). In our study, soil was maintained at 85% field capacity, and relative humidity within microlysimeters, while not measured, was probably relatively high considering that microlysimeter chambers were covered with a lid during the incubation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies focusing on N mineralization from incorporated and surface‐applied peanut residues have not considered residue components separately (Jani et al., ; Mulvaney et al., ; Sakonnakhon et al., ). Thippayarugs et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies focusing on N mineralization from incorporated and surface-applied peanut residues have not considered residue components separately (Jani et al, 2019;Mulvaney et al, 2017;Sakonnakhon et al, 2005). Thippayarugs et al (2008) studied N mineralization from peanut leaves and stems but did not consider residue placement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peanut residues supply minimal plant‐available nitrogen on a major soil series in the USA peanut basin

Jani

Mulvaney

Balkcom

et al. 2019

Soil Use and Management

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Field observations have shown that a substantial portion of peanut leaves abscise in windrows during pod curing, leading to an uneven distribution of leaves and stems when intact residues are spread during harvest. Possible differences in nitrogen (N) mineralization rates between peanut leaf and stem residues may lead to spatial and temporal variability in available N during subsequent crops. The objective of this study was to quantify N mineralization in soil amended with different peanut residue components under simulated conventional and conservation tillage practices. A 252‐day microlysimeter incubation was conducted in which peanut leaves, stems and a 1:1 mixture of leaves:stems from three varieties were incorporated or placed on the soil surface to simulate conventional or conservation tillage, respectively. Soils were periodically leached to assess N mineralization compared with a soil‐only control. Nitrogen mineralization was only affected by residue component. Averaged over variety and residue placement, soil amended with leaves mineralized 10% more N relative to the control or soil containing stems. It was estimated that leaves supplied 25 kg N ha−1 over 252 days at 0–15 cm soil depth, which would likely be insufficient to induce a yield response by a subsequent crop. This study suggests that uneven distribution of peanut leaf and stem residues following harvest causes only minor spatial and temporal variability in available N during subsequent crop growth. These results support the growing body of evidence indicating that peanut residue N contributions to subsequent crops are negligible in the peanut basin of the south‐eastern USA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Peanut residues supply minimal plant‐available nitrogen on a major soil series in the USA peanut basin

Jani

Mulvaney

Balkcom

et al. 2019

Soil Use and Management

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Summer crop rotational effects on carinata nitrogen management in the southeastern USA

et al. 2023

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Growers in the United States (US) southeast are often recommended to reduce nitrogen (N) fertilization after peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) by cooperative Extension services. However, these guidelines are not supported by the scientific literature. An experiment was conducted to quantify N contributions from peanut residues to a subsequent carinata (Brassica carinata) crop. A 3 (history: cotton [Gossypium hirsutum L.], peanut, fallow) × 5 (N rates: 0, 34, 67, 101,134 kg N ha−1) factorial randomized complete block split‐plot design was conducted over four site‐years during the 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 seasons at Jay, FL, USA. Peanut and cotton were planted under strip tillage, whereas carinata was drilled into peanut and cotton residues and weed‐free fallow plots. Although peanut residues accumulated 54–78 kg N ha−1, inorganic N content behind former peanut plots at the 0–15 cm depths, ranged from 6 to 8 and 8 to 11 kg N ha−1 in 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 season, respectively. Cropping history differences for carinata normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were pronounced at lower N rates in one out of four site‐years during which NDVI behind former cotton plots was lower than former peanut and fallow plots. Carinata seed yield behind former peanut plots was similar to unfertilized fallow based on four site‐years of data. Nonlinear regression models predicted that N rates required to optimize carinata seed yield following peanut would exceed 134 kg N ha−1 thereby indicating negligible peanut N credits. These results support a growing body of literature that suggests minimal N credits after peanut under humid southeastern US conditions.

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Advancements in peanut mechanization: Implications for sustainable agriculture

Moreira,

Marra,

Silva

et al. 2024

Agricultural Systems

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Peanut residue distribution gradients and tillage practices determine patterns of nitrogen mineralization

Cited by 9 publications

References 34 publications

Peanut residues supply minimal plant‐available nitrogen on a major soil series in the USA peanut basin

Peanut residues supply minimal plant‐available nitrogen on a major soil series in the USA peanut basin

Summer crop rotational effects on carinata nitrogen management in the southeastern USA

Advancements in peanut mechanization: Implications for sustainable agriculture

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