Peanut stripe virus ‐ a new seed‐borne potyvirus from China infecting groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)1

Abstract

SUMMARY A new virus, peanut stripe (PStV), isolated from groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) in the USA, induced characteristic striping, discontinuous vein banding along the lateral veins, and oakleaf mosaic in groundnut. The virus was also isolated from germplasm lines introduced from the People's Republic of China. PStV was transmitted by inoculation of sap to nine species of the Chenopodiaceae, Leguminosae, and Solanaceae; Chenopodium amaranticolor was a good local lesion host. PStV was also transmitted by Aphis craccivora in a non‐persistent manner and through seed of groundnut up to 37%. The virus remained infective in buffered plant extracts after diluting to 10‐3, storage for 3 days at 20°C, and heating for 10 min at 60°C but not 65°C. Purified virus preparations contained flexuous filamentous particles c. 752 nm long, which contained a major polypeptide of 33 500 daltons and one nucleic acid species of 3·1 × 106 daltons. In ELISA, PStV was serologically related to blackeye cowpea mosaic, soybean mosaic, clover yellow vein, and pepper veinal mottle viruses but not to peanut mottle, potato Y, tobacco etch, and peanut green mosaic viruses. On the basis of these properties PStV is identified as a new potyvirus in groundnut.

Coat Protein Properties Suggest that Azuki Bean Mosaic Virus, Blackeye Cowpea Mosaic Virus, Peanut Stripe Virus, and Three Isolates from Soybean Are All Strains of the Same Potyvirus

“…These data indicate that PStV, AzMV, B1CMV, and the soybean isolates could be considered strains of the one potyvirus, especially when it is noted that the tryptic cores, usually highly conserved between potyvirus strains [25], were not included in the com parison. This view is reinforced by the findings that (1) a strong serological relationship exists between PStV and BICMV strains [2]; (2) AzMV is serologically indistinguishable from the Fla strain of BICMV [9], and (3) that there is a close serological relationship of the soybean isolates PN, PM and 74 to AzMV and BICMV [91-Peptide profiling (and amino acid analysis of some peptides) has, therefore, established that the nine legume-infecting potyvirus iso lates are likely to have coat proteins with se quence identities of about 90% or more with the coat protein of PStV-Stripe. Furthermore, the only evidence for significant sequence varia tion with PStV-Stripe A coat protein was at the amino termini of AzMV, soybean isolates 74, PM, and PN, and BICMV-Type and B1CMV-W. As noted by Shukla and Ward [25,28], this degree and type of coat protein sequence ident ity is invariable seen only between strains of potyviruses, leading to the conclusion that all ten isolates are strains of the one potyvirus.…”

“…The current taxonomic status and the in terrelationships of potyviruses naturally infec ting legumes are based largely on biological (host range and pathogenicity) and serological properties [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. However, available data have in some cases been insufficient to determine whether new isolates are distinct potyviruses or are strains of existing potyviruses.…”

“…PStVStripe, designated isolate 'A', and PStV-Blotch isolate were obtained from Dr. J.W. Demski and were the original isolates described by him [2], The peanut mild mottle virus (PStV-Mild Mottle) isolate was that de scribed by Xu et al [3]. These isolates were propagated in white lupin and isolated as described [2], B1CMV-Type (Florida isolate), SbMV (Wisconsin isolate), ClYW -Pratt [13], the Scott strain of bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV-Scott), and tobacco etch virus (TEV; ori ginally from R.W.…”

“…Taxon omic status and interrelationships of many of these strains have been uncertain [1], One such exemple is peanut stripe virus (PStV). PStV was first identified in the USA in 1982 in plants raised from seed imported from the People's Republic of China [2]. Since then, similar vi ruses causing a variety of symptoms, including mild mottle, stripe, blotch, green blotch, and chlorotic rings, have been reported from differ ent countries [3][4][5][6][7], These isolates are serologi cally closely related to each other and to other legume-infecting potyviruses, namely azuki bean mosaic virus (AzMV), blackeye cowpea mosaic virus (B1CMV), some strains of bean common mosaic virus, clover yellow vein virus (C1YW), soybean mosaic virus (SbMV), and three potyvirus isolates (PM, PN, 74) from soy bean from southern Taiwan [8][9][10].…”

Molecular characterization of Indian isolate of peanut mottle virus and immunodiagnosis using bacterial expressed core capsid protein

“…The peanut leaf sap at 1:2 dilution and antiserum at 1:2,000-1:5,000 dilution were suitable parameters for highly satisfactory detection of the virus in field samples as it showed about 4-6 S/H ratio. The PAb to the core CP showed no cross reactivity to PStV, another peanut infecting potyvirus [8]. Therefore, the PAb generated against the core CP is useful for specific detection of PeMoV in the field samples of peanut.…”