Pear pomace water extract inhibits adipogenesis and induces apoptosis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Abstract

Obesity occurs when a person's calorie intake exceeds the amount of energy burns, which may lead to pathologic growth of adipocytes and the accumulation of fat in the tissues. In this study, the effect and mechanism of pear pomace extracts on 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation and apoptosis of mature adipocytes were investigated. The effects of pear pomace extract on cell viability and the anti-adipogenic and proapoptotic effects were investigated via MTT assay, Oil red O staining, western blot analysis and apoptosis assay. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were stimulated with DMEM containing 10% FBS, 0.5 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), 5 µg/ml insulin and 1 µM dexamethasone for differentiation to adipocytes. 3T3-L1 cells were cultured with PBS or water extract of pear pomace. Water extract of pear pomace effectively inhibited lipid accumulations and expressions of PPAR-γ and C/EBPα in 3T3-L1 cells. It also increased expression of p-AMPK and decreased the expression of SREBP-1c and FAS in 3T3-L1 cells. The induction of apoptosis was observed in 3T3-L1 cells treated with pear pomace. These results indicate that pear pomace water extract inhibits adipogenesis and induces apoptosis of adipocytes and thus can be used as a potential therapeutic substance as part of prevention or treatment strategy for obesity.

Effect of the particle size of pear pomace on the quality of enriched layer and sponge cakes

“…have been reported (Rabetafika et al ., ). It has been found that besides dietary fibre, pear pomace contains valuable substances with healthy effects on our metabolism, such as phenolic compounds and organic acids, among others (Rhyu et al ., ). Because of its composition, PP has been investigated with different medical objectives.…”

The flower of Edgeworthia gardneri (wall.) Meisn. suppresses adipogenesis through modulation of the AMPK pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

“…Obesity is a major risk factor for many metabolic disorders such as hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases (Rhyu et al, 2014). Adipocytes play a crucial role in the regulation of obesity.…”

Anti-Obesity Effect of Fructus Pyri Pyrifoliae Extract Fermented by Lactic-Acid Bacteria on Rats

“…Obesity refers to excess accumulation of triglycerides in our body due to imbalances between energy intake and expenditure. Obesity is the main risk factor for coronary artery disease by generating adipocytes (hyperplasia) as well as increasing their cell size (hypertrophy) (Wang & Cho, 2011), and a major cause of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and inflammatory and metabolic disorders (Rhyu et al, 2014). The World Health Organization (WHO) requires intensive, worldwide management of obesity because of its seriousness (Wang & Cho, 2011).…”

“…Most of the pears produced in South Korea are Asian Pears, harvested in Naju, Jeollanam-do, South Korea. Pears contain high sugar and water, and there are plentiful antioxidative polyphenol substances especially on pear skin, such as arbutin, epicatechin, coumaric acid, caffeic acid, catechin, and chlorogenic acid (Rhyu et al, 2014). The edible part of pears contains sugar, largely in the form of fructose rather than glucose, and has less organic acid, resulting in less sour taste than in an apple.…”

“…The obesity rate is increasing remarkably in the world, including South Korea, and there is much research on how to reduce obesity in the population (Jequier, 2002;Wang & Cho, 2011). Fructus Pyri Pyrifoliae contains components such as arbutin, catechin, and epicatechin, which are phenols, as well as amino acids, organic acids, dietary fiber, and flavonoids (Rhyu et al, 2014). These components are known to help prevent prostate cancer, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, postmenopausal symptoms, hormone-dependent diseases, and obesity (Tsai et al, 2009).…”