Peculiarities of Allergy Diagnosis in Children

Abstract

Allergic disease is a serious problem in practical healthcare. Over the last 40 years there has been exponential growth in the prevalence. According to the world health organization information, allergic diseases are at the 2nd place in prevalence the children, behind the viral infections. Their frequency and severity are increasing. In this regard, the relevance of timely and skilled diagnostic allergopathology is most important. In this study the current state of the question of allergy diagnostics is considered, the international experience is summarized and the approach to the allergy diagnosis based on use of step-by-step identification of a causal and significant factor of allergic reactions is offered. On the basis of the analysis of relevance and the importance for patients of one or the other allergens (taking into account a source of allergens and age of patients) use of a step-by-step allergy diagnostics algorithm is offered. The first step is definition of clinical implications of an allergy. It means direct contact of the phisition with the patient, clarification of its complaints, clinical symptoms, medical history disease. The second step is the confirmation of IgE-dependent mechanism. It involves the using of screening tests that are selected depending on the clinical symptoms and seasonality manifestations (the screening module). The third step is to identify the source of the allergens that are most meaningful for the patient with using test panels (modules). The panels include the most common and clinically relevant triggers of allergic reactions. The fourth step is the search for an individual significant allergens, which were not included in the diagnostic modules. On the fifth step, we plan to conduct component-divided diagnostics and detect the antibodies to unique components of significant allergens. The developed diagnostics algorithm, corresponds to needs of both the adult, and children’s population and provides the personalized approach to the patients.

Gut microbiota dysontogeniya in infants as a factor in the development of atopy

“…Намазова-Баранова 1,4 , Е.А. Вишнёва 1,3,4 , П.Е. Садчиков 1 АТОПИЧЕСКИЙ МАРШ: ОТ ГЕНЕТИКИ К ЭПИГЕНЕТИКЕ Вторая половина ХХ столетия запомнится в истории человечества как время «новой глобальной эпидемии» -широкого распространения аллергических болезней.…”

“…За последние 30 лет, по данным Всемирной организации здравоохранения, частота хронических аллергических болезней удвоилась: во всем мире около 5% взрослого населения и 15% детского имеют верифицированный диагноз бронхиальной астмы, атопического дерматита, пищевой аллергии и/или аллергического ринита [2]. Особую тревогу вызывает так называемый атопический марш -закономерное нарастание тяжести аллергической болезни с возрастом: от минимальных проявлений аллергодерматоза к сформировавшейся бронхиальной астме [3].…”