Peculiarities of Genome Structure of Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae El Tor Inaba Strain, Isolated from a Surface Water Body in the Territory of Rostov-on-Don in 2014

Background. The problem of cholera remains acute for world health service and risks of importation of Vibrio cholerae strains from endemic countries to Russia do exist. Toxigenic strains (carrying cholera toxin genes ctxAB) can cause epidemic outbreaks of cholera and non-toxigenic (ctxAB-) – single or multiple cases of cholera-like diarrhea. Investigation of their ability to survive in water reservoirs in climatic conditions of middle latitudes by means of forming biofilms is essential for potential threat evaluation. Materials and methods. Biofilm formation by 15 V. cholerae strains on abiotic surfaces was studied in microcosms with tap water and cover glasses. Identification of responsible genetic determinants in whole genome sequences and bioinformatics analysis were performed using BioEdit 7.2.5, BLASTN 2.2.29, Blastp and Vector NTI Advance 11 software. Results. The strains investigated differed in terms of biofilm formation which correlated with structural features of genes for MSHA pili (msh), matrix polysaccharides (vps) and proteins (rbm) as well as for certain regulatory factors. Strains with none or few genetic deviations from prototypes formed mature biofilms in 5-7 days while those containing truncated genes mshL, mshN, rbmC – only in 13 days. One strain with truncated gene for positive regulator vpsR formed an immature biofilm. Acceleration of the process in some strains up to 2-3 days correlated with either truncated gene hapR (negative regulator) or altered structure of both msh and vps-rbm gene clusters. Conclusion. Analysis of genetic determinants responsible for biofilm formation may be used for prediction of V. cholerae ability to survive in environmental objects of Russia and thus the potential danger of the latters as sources of infection.

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Endemic Cholera in India and Imported Cholera in Russia: What is Common?

Монахова

Ghosh

Mutreja

et al. 2020

Problemy Osobo Opasnykh Infektsii

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The endemicity of cholera in India has been well researched. Among the other endemic areas, Indian subcontinent appears to be the cradle of Vibrio cholerae genovariants, which subsequently spread worldwide. In contrast, all the cholera cases recorded in Russia are of imported origin. In the past century, such importations might result in epidemics, which, however, ended with elimination of toxigenic V. cholerae (TVC) from the affected areas. Currently, the incidence of TVC in water reservoirs or infected returnees from Asian countries are rare events, mostly due to constant surveillance activities. Furthermore, the climatic conditions in the majority of Russian regions are unfavorable for longterm environmental survival of the pathogen. On the other hand, global shifts in climate accompanied by unexpected anomalies in previously stable climatic zones may promote dissemination of imported TVC and emergence of cholera. In some regions of Russia, seasonal weather patterns are pretty similar to Indian. Molecular studies of isolates from diverse territories show that TVC have been introduced into new areas and acquired additional traits, absent in their ancestors.This article describes genomic characteristics of TVC isolates from Russia, India and some other countries. The review is complemented by bioinformatics analysis of important genetic markers to discriminate between clones that emerged in endemic regions and were imported into cholera-free locations. We have found more evidence in support of primary Indian origin of recent genovariants and their ongoing transformation, including the emergence of a new rtxA gene allele with a 60 bp deletion in addition to the previously known null mutation. In certain conditions, TVC could pose a potential threat of spreading epidemic cholera into Russia and other territories. Cholera control requires joint efforts of researchers to learn more about the pathogen at the molecular level for developing effective strategies to protect the humankind throughout the world.

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Peculiarities of Genome Structure of Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae El Tor Inaba Strain, Isolated from a Surface Water Body in the Territory of Rostov-on-Don in 2014

Cited by 7 publications

References 3 publications

Comparative genomic analysis of two isolates of Vibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa El Tor isolated during outbreak in Mariupol in 2011

Comparative genomic analysis of two isolates of Vibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa El Tor isolated during outbreak in Mariupol in 2011

Molecular genetic basis of biofilm formation as a component of Vibrio Cholerae persistence in water reservoirs of Russian Federation

Endemic Cholera in India and Imported Cholera in Russia: What is Common?

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