Peculiarities of postpyrogene development of algae in steppe biocenoses at Askania Nova Biospheric National Park

Scherbina, V. V.; Maltseva, І. А.; Солоненко, А. Н.

doi:10.1134/s1995425514020140

Cited by 14 publications

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“…The consequences of uncontrolled fires for an ecosystem depend on the season of the fire, its scale, intensity, frequency etc. (Ford and Johnson, 2006;Strong et al, 2013;Scherbina et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Y. Odum singles out the changes of ecosystems after a fire in a separate group of post-pyrogenic successions, calling them "pulsating stable successions". Peculiarities of pyrogenic changes and demutational processes are caused both by the specifics of ecosystem components and by the scale, intensity, time of occurrence of fires and other factors (Scherbina et al, 2014;Savadogo et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-pyrogenic changes in vegetation cover and biological soil crust in steppe ecosystems

Shcherbyna

Maltseva

Maltsev

et al. 2017

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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The study of the processes of restoration of species richness and productivity of steppe ecosystems after fires is an urgent problem that affects not only the conservation of biodiversity but also the maintenance of pasture resources. This article presents the results of a study of post-pyrogenic effects in steppe ecosystems, taking into account changes in the species composition of cyanoprokaryotes and algae that are art of the biological soil crust, which performs ecologically important functions in xerophytic ecosystems. The investigations were carried out in virgin and postpyrogenic steppe ecosystems of the "Troitsk Clough" reserve (Zaporizhia region, Ukraine). For three years, the dynamics of the projective cover and the height of the vegetation cover in virgin areas of herbs-fescue-feather-grass and fescue-feather-grass steppes was studied as well as within two ecosystems of post-pyrogenic development after fires that occurred in the spring and winter periods. We discovered that restoration of the herbs-fescue-feather-grass and fescue-feather-grass steppes after fires occurs at different rates. The cause of the slow restoration of vegetation cover can be its severe damage by fire at the beginning of the vegetation season and the development of erosion processes. The number of species of cyanoprokaryotes and algae in the biological soil crust of virgin and post-pyrogenic ecosystems is not significantly different. It varies from 35 to 49 species. The greatest diversity is noted for Cyanoprokaryota. Chlorophyta is in the second place. Among the dominants, the filamentous forms of Cyanoprokaryota prevail. Nostoc edaphicum was noted as a nitrogen fixing representative. The similarity of the species lists of cyanoprokaryotes and algae of post-pyrogenic and virgin ecosystems, according to the calculated Jaccard coefficient, varies from 49.1% to 55.3%. This indicates a strong specificity of the composition of cyanoprokaryotes and algae in post-pyrogenic biological soil crusts. Changes in their composition reflect different stages of post-pyrogenic succession. In the first year after a fire, there is a slight increase in species richness, which is a consequence of the favorable effect of increasing the amount of mineral substances in the soil after the organic matter has burned out. The "pioneer" group includes: Phormidium autumnale, Ph. dimorphum, Ph. retzii, Ph. (Leptolyngbya) henningsii, Luticola mutica, Hantzschia amphioxys. Gradually this effect is leveled and the species richness of cyanoprokaryotes and algae is stabilized at a level peculiar for this type of ecosystem.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-pyrogenic changes in vegetation cover and biological soil crust in steppe ecosystems

Shcherbyna

Maltseva

Maltsev

et al. 2017

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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“…Researchers into urban soil algae indicate that it loses features of zonal type soils, and is characterized by lower species richness. In Henichesk a low algal species richness was noted compared with the protected steppe ecosystems of Askania-Nova reserve (Scherbina, 2011;Scherbina et al, 2014;. One sample plot has on average about 8 algae species in Henichesk, while for the steppe ecosystems of Askania-Nova the average number is 35-38 algae species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of soil biota in the assessment of the ecological potential of urban soils

et al. 2017

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In assessing the ecological conditions and classification of urban soils, data about soil biota should be taken into account. The environment of urban territories is characterized by significant changes compared to their surrounding environments. It is established that the algal flora of urban soils lose their zonal features and features associated with the edification influence of higher plants. Specific biotopes with a definite species structure are formed in urboecosystems. Fifty 50 algae species have been recorded in the soils of the Henichesk urboecosystems (Kherson region, Ukraine): Cyanoprocaryota – 21, Chlorophyta – 13, Charophyta – 2, Eustigmatophyta – 1, Xanthophyta – 11, Bacillariophyta – 2. Among dominant and subdominant species were Cyanoprocaryota and Chlorophyta. The other phyla were represented by Klebsormidium dissectum, K. flaccidum, Hantzschia amphioxys, Eustigmatos magnus, Botrydiopsis eriensis. Compared with the surrounding environment, the urbanized flora of Henichesk has a low species richness, and is characterized by prevalence of Cyanoprocaryota and Chlorophyta species. The coefficient that takes into account the percentage of preservation of species richness in a particular urban area compared to the background indicators of species richness can be used to evaluate the urban transformation of soil biota. The degree of degradatory changes in the composition of living organisms and the direction of these changes depends on the specificity and intensity of exploitation of the territory of the urban ecosystem. The most diverse composition of algae species within the the city of Henichesk was noted in the recreational, residential, and transport zones, in comparison with the industrial zone and the zone of special use. Different functional areas of the city are distinguished not only by the algae species richness, but also by the composition of dominants. Among the dominants and subdominants of the recreational and transport zones were species of different phyla. The dominants and subdominants of the residential and industrial zones were Cyanoprocaryota species, in the zone of special use – representatives of Chlorophyta. The distribution of species richness of algae along the soil profile in the city acquires an atypical character. The species richness increases not in the most superficial layers of soil, but in the lower, aphotic parts of the soil profile. The soil biota, on the one hand, depends on the ecological conditions of soil, and on the other as a result of its life activity, changes the ecological functions of the soil, strengthening or weakening them. The reduction in the species richness of the soil algae of the urboecosystem Henichesk shows the limitations of ecological functions of urban soils. It is established that changes in the composition of algae in soils of urban ecosystems are one of the indicators of the presence and severity of transformation processes. These processes occur with the soil biota and soil as a whole under the conditions of urban ecosystems and can be used as indicators in the environmental assessment of urban soils, in the development and subsequent examination of ways to reduce negative expression of urbanization.

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“…Species of the genus Chlorococcum are typical representatives of algal flora in the soil (Kostikov et al, 2001;Maltseva, 2009;Tsarenko et al, 2011;Scherbina et al, 2014;Shekhovtseva et al, 2015). On the territory of Ukraine, C. oleofaciens has been observed repeatedly in soils of different natural zones and types of biogeocoenoses: in soils of beech forests of the Ukrainian Carpathians, oak forests and mountain meadows of the Crimean mountains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the change of the species habitat in different seasons gives evidence of a change in the conditions of algae existence (temperature and water regime, biological activity, etc.) (Scherbina et al, 2014;Maltsev et al, 2017a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New finding of green algae with potential for algal biotechnology, Chlorococcum oleofaciens and its molecular investigation

Maltsev

Коноваленко

2017

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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The practice of soil algology shows that algae from the order Chlamydomonadales are among the most poorly studied and difficult to identify due to the high heterogeneity of their morphology and ultrastructure. Only the involvement of molecular genetic methods usually makes it possible to determine their taxonomic status with high accuracy. At the same time, in the algae flora of Ukraine there are more than 250 species from the order Chlamydomonadales, the status of which in most cases is established exclusively on the basis of light microscopy. This work is devoted to the study of the biotechnologically promising green alga Chlorococcum oleofaciens, taking into account the modern understanding of its taxonomic status. Two new strains of this species, separated from samples of forest litter and oak forest soil (the Samara Forest, Dnipropetrovsk region), are described. The strains were studied at the morphological level by using light microscopy methods, as well as using molecular genetic methods based on the studies of the nucleotide genes sequences of the 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and chloroplast rbcL genes, the topology of secondary structures of internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2). The obtained results helped to confirm the presence of C. oleofaciens in the algae flora of Ukraine. Also, the authors of the article discuss the differences in the secondary structure of ITS2 in different strains of C. oleofaciens associated with the presence of compensatory base change (CBC), hemi-CBC in helices I and II, as well as deletions in helix IV and providing a basis for the hypothesis of the existence of cryptic species within C. oleofaciens. The obtained data can be used at the stage of preliminary selection of biochemical research objects.

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Peculiarities of postpyrogene development of algae in steppe biocenoses at Askania Nova Biospheric National Park

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Post-pyrogenic changes in vegetation cover and biological soil crust in steppe ecosystems

Post-pyrogenic changes in vegetation cover and biological soil crust in steppe ecosystems

Use of soil biota in the assessment of the ecological potential of urban soils

New finding of green algae with potential for algal biotechnology, Chlorococcum oleofaciens and its molecular investigation

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