Peculiarities of relationships of characteristics of adaptation capabilities of the organism and indicators of motor activity of students

Abstract

The health of student youth is largely determined by the level of functional capabilities of the organism, which depends on the level of motor activity, that is the total number of movements that a person performs in a given period of time. The purpose of the work is to establish the features of the relationship between the characteristics of adaptive capacity, functional status and level of development of psychophysiological functions and criteria for motor activity of students. The research was conducted on the basis of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, where 385 students (200 young girls and 185 young boys) were supervised, who, taking into account the peculiarities of the distribution of different levels of motor activity, were divided into 3 comparison groups – with potentially low, medium and potentially high levels of motor activity. The values of daily energy consumption, number of locomotions and duration of the dynamic component in the daily budget were used as the leading criteria of hygienic assessment of students’ motor activity. Functional features and adaptive capabilities of the organism were determined using conventional methods. The analysis of the obtained results involved the use of a standard application package of multidimensional statistical analysis “Statistica 6.1 for Windows”. The results of studies conducted on the basis of correlation analysis procedures indicate the fact that the largest number of correlations between the characteristics of psychophysiological functions and the leading characteristics of health and indicators of academic performance in professionally oriented disciplines studied are recorded in girls, and boys who belonged to the group with an average level of physical activity (daily energy expenditure of 9000-11000 kJ in young girls and 11000-13500 kJ in young boys). The use of cluster analysis procedures during the prognostic assessment of indicators of health and academic performance in professionally-oriented disciplines, made it possible to identify 3 clusters of the studied characteristics of the functional state of students, which have the most pronounced effect on their values: visual-motor speed cluster (indicators of the latent period of simple and differentiated visual-motor response), visual-sensory cluster (indicators of critical fusion of light flickers and efficiency of work performed) and integrative-coordination cluster (a number of indicators that reflect the properties of major nervous processes, characteristics coordination of movements, indicators of attention functions, etc.). Using factor analysis procedures, it determined that both young girls and young boys have the most positive impact on academic performance in vocational disciplines such factors as “functional state of the visual sensory system”, “functional state of coordination” and “functional state of higher nervous activity”.

Medico-social conditions of educational activity, quality of life and aspects of psychophysiological adaptation of modern pupils and students: features of interrelation and their hygienic assessment

“…To assess the educational and extracurricular activities of pupils and students, features of the educational process, living conditions, physical activity and to determine the level of educational adaptation 23/ Том XXVIII / 1 and lifestyle characteristics of boys and girls, the survey and interview methods were used [3,5,6].…”

“…Functional features of higher nervous activity were studied on the basis of determining the values of latent periods (LP) of simple (SVMR) and differentiated (DVMR) visual-motor response, characteristics of mobility (MNP) and balance (BNP) of nervous processes using chronoreflexometry, stability of attention and features of mental performance (based on the use of Schulte tables), functional features of the visual sensory system (by estimating the critical fusion frequency of light flicker with the help of the "Svitlotest" method), functional features of the somatosensory analyzer (due to the evaluation of movement coordination indicators using the thermometry techniques) [5,6].…”

“…Among the leading adequate hygienic prenosological diagnostics in the field of determining the peculiarities of adaptation processes, especially psychophysiological adaptation (PPA) and the formation of a high level of health of different population groups (including students and pupils) there are many approaches providing the establishment of functional states on the verge of norm and pathology for adequate early diagnosis of borderline mental disorders and determining the detection of pre-nosological changes in psychophysiological and mental indicators in cases of various somatic diseases [1,5,6,7].…”