Peculiarities of the prevalence and risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in overweight and obese adolescents in Ukraine

Pavlyshyn

2019

pedm

Introduction: In the case of obesity and excessive body weight, the deficiency of vitamin D increases, which significantly impairs metabolic processes in the body, especially fatty and carbohydrate metabolism. Vitamin D metabolites affect insulin sensitivity of cells. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between vitamin D and carbohydrate metabolism in adolescents with excessive body weight and obesity. Material and methods: 139 adolescents were examined. The mean age of children was 15.5 ±2.3 years. 65 adolescents with excessive weight and 74 obesity teenagers were examined. Parameters that were determined in all children included: undertaking anthropometric measurements, general examinations, biochemical parameters, including carbohydrate metabolism: fasting glucose, insulin, oral glucose tolerant test, measuring the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance, blood pressure measurement and determination of vitamin D status. Results: The features of changes carbohydrate metabolism markers in adolescents with overweight and obesity, depending on the level of serum 25(OH)D, have been established. Correlations between vitamin D status and markers of carbohydrate metabolism such as basal insulin level (p = 0.000) and HOMA-IR index (p = 0.000) and anthropometric indices: body mass index (p = 0.000), waist circumference (p = 0.000) and hip circumference (p = 0.001), waist-hip ratio (p = 0.000), waist-to-height ratio (p = 0.000) have been determined. Conclusions: The study has established prognostically significant biochemical (basal insulin), and anthropometric (body mass index, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, and waist-to-height ratio) markers resulting in vitamin D deficiency development in children with excessive body weight and obesity.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Relation of carbohydrate exchange markers with vitamin D status in adolescents with overweight and obesity

Pavlyshyn

2019

pedm

“…According to other studies, vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy reduces the risk for preterm birth and it also lowers the incidence of low birth weight newborns [28,29]. Concomitant vitamin D and calcium supplementation seems to significantly reduce the risk for preeclampsia, but it increases the risk for preterm birth [30,31].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

The Prevalence of Vitamin D Defficiency and its Obstetrical Effects. A prospective study on Romanian patients

Bohîlțea¹,

Zugravu²,

Neacşu³

et al. 2019

Rev. Chim.

The birth, growth, development, reproduction and senescence under physiological conditions can be achieved without diminishing the role of other important aspects that influence them, only with the support of an optimal diet that is a fundamental requirement nowadays, considering that the health and the nutritional status are in a permanent interdependence. The effects of inadequate nutrition reflect on the expression of genes, influencing the development of certain diseases in childhood and adulthood. Knowing the phases of the gestation period in which the need of certain nutrients is increased, and their absence has the most serious impact on fetal growth and development, allows for the adoption in due time of concrete preventive rules. Disorders associated with lipid malabsorption, such as celiac disease, Crohn�s disease, pancreatic insufficiency, cystic fibrosis and cholestatic disease, are associated with low serum levels of 5-hydroxyvitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency in the newborn can express as deficient skeletal homeostasis, congenital rickets and fractures in the early days of life. A low level of vitamin D during pregnancy seems to increase the risk of preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction and gestational diabetes, and in the longer term it seems to affect the bone, immune system and general status. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D is increasing globally, and the effects on pregnancy and neonatal outcome of the vitamin D deficiency and supplementation are a topical issue, which is currently under investigation.

“…The prevalence of obesity has rapidly increased in Europe -41 million of children were overweight or obese in 2016 3 . In Ukraine, excessive weight has been found in 12% of children aged 7 to 17 years; among them, about 10% are obese 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of multiple regression analysis in prediction of insulin resistance in overweight and obese children

Pavlyshyn¹

2019

Arch Balk Med Union

Le rôle de l'analyse de régression multiple dans la prédiction de la résistance à l'insuline chez les enfants avec surpoids et obèses Introduction. L'excédent de poids et l'obésité constituent une épidémie à l'échelle mondiale chez les enfants de tous les groupes d'âge. Les enfants obèses présentent un risque accru de résistance à l'insuline, de maladies cardiovasculaires (y compris l'hypertension), de fractures osseuses et de problèmes psychologiques. À cet égard, la résistance à l'insuline est devenue l'un des problèmes de santé les plus graves chez les enfants avec surpoids et obèses. L'objectif de l'étude était d'étudier les traits spécifiques du métabolisme des glucides chez les enfants avec surpoids et obèses, d'identifier les facteurs clés de la résistance à l'insuline et de développer un modèle pronostique basé sur une analyse de régression pour prédire son occurrence. Matériels et méthodes. Des mesures anthropométriques, la collecte de données sur l'histoire et des examens de laboratoire ont été effectués chez 90 enfants obèses et 20 enfants avec surpoids de 10 à 17 ans. L'analyse de régression multiple a été utilisée pour ABSTRACT Introduction. Overweight and obesity is a global epidemic among children of all age groups. Obese children are at increased risk of insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease (including arterial hypertension), as well as bone fractures and psychological problems. In this regard, insulin resistance has become one of the most serious health concerns in overweight and obese children. The objective of the study was to investigate the specifics for carbohydrate metabolism in overweight and obese children, to identify the key factors for insulin resistance and to develop a regression analysis-based prognostic model to predict its occurrence. Material and methods. In 90 obese and 20 overweight children aged between 10-17 years, anthropometric measurements, history data collection and laboratory investigations were performed. Multiple regression analysis has been used to develop a mathematical model for prediction of insulin resistance. Results. Such variables as weight, body mass index, waist and hip circumferences, abdominal type obesity, family history, duration of breastfeeding (if any), birth weight, sedentary lifestyle, leptin and adiponectin levels and dyslipidemia were closely related to fasting glucose levels and insulin/insulin resistance indices.