Peculiarities of Vestibular Training in Adults With Cerebral Palsy in Aikido Classes
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Aikido Seminar as a Universal Form of Training and Motivation for Athletes of All Levels of Mastery
The presented research analyzes an aikido seminar class from the point of view of the universality of this form of work for developing technical techniques at all skill levels. It was determined that since aikido does not provide for competitive activities, but the need to check one’s technique, to communicate, to have the opportunity to practice with different athletes, representatives of different dojos, schools, federations and skill levels is present and even determines the motivation for further aikido practice, then it is the form of the seminar class that is universal and acceptable for everyone. The article describes the state of physical culture and sports activities of aikido athletes, an important role in which is occupied by independent and internal work, which involves the cultivation of willpower necessary for studying the discipline of Budo. The psychological aspect is also important, because regardless of the level of skill, an aikido athlete never reaches the limit of his technical perfection. This factor can simultaneously act as an incentive for constant work on himself and respect for his partner, and demotivation, since a person needs encouragement and status with significant experience and a certain status in aikido. So that, it was determined that the seminar itself, due to a wider choice of partners for practice and the non-standard nature of the techniques studied at the seminars, makes athletes aware of their real level of skill. It gives a sense of belonging to the community, motivates, promotes the disclosure of internal potential, as physical, and psycho-emotional, awaken interest and motivation for further growth. Based on their own experience of participating, organizing and conducting seminar and certification classes in aikido, the authors of the presented scientific article consider the seminar class as a method of conducting training, which allows simultaneously developing athletes' endurance, technicality and lability, that is, nervous mobility, speed of reaction. The peculiarity of this method is that it is suitable for both beginners and masters of kyu levels, as well as for more experienced athletes, including fifth dan levels and above. This study is based on the practice and experience of various aikido schools and directions in the world, is based on the practical achievements of the heads of clubs and federations, is aimed at improving the level of conducting aikido seminar classes, identifying weak points and developing recommendations for the preparation and form of conducting such classes. In addition, the presented research aims to identify the place of attestation within the framework of the seminar, to analyze its expediency and effectiveness.
Aikido Seminar as a Universal Form of Training and Motivation for Athletes of All Levels of Mastery
The presented research analyzes an aikido seminar class from the point of view of the universality of this form of work for developing technical techniques at all skill levels. It was determined that since aikido does not provide for competitive activities, but the need to check one’s technique, to communicate, to have the opportunity to practice with different athletes, representatives of different dojos, schools, federations and skill levels is present and even determines the motivation for further aikido practice, then it is the form of the seminar class that is universal and acceptable for everyone. The article describes the state of physical culture and sports activities of aikido athletes, an important role in which is occupied by independent and internal work, which involves the cultivation of willpower necessary for studying the discipline of Budo. The psychological aspect is also important, because regardless of the level of skill, an aikido athlete never reaches the limit of his technical perfection. This factor can simultaneously act as an incentive for constant work on himself and respect for his partner, and demotivation, since a person needs encouragement and status with significant experience and a certain status in aikido. So that, it was determined that the seminar itself, due to a wider choice of partners for practice and the non-standard nature of the techniques studied at the seminars, makes athletes aware of their real level of skill. It gives a sense of belonging to the community, motivates, promotes the disclosure of internal potential, as physical, and psycho-emotional, awaken interest and motivation for further growth. Based on their own experience of participating, organizing and conducting seminar and certification classes in aikido, the authors of the presented scientific article consider the seminar class as a method of conducting training, which allows simultaneously developing athletes' endurance, technicality and lability, that is, nervous mobility, speed of reaction. The peculiarity of this method is that it is suitable for both beginners and masters of kyu levels, as well as for more experienced athletes, including fifth dan levels and above. This study is based on the practice and experience of various aikido schools and directions in the world, is based on the practical achievements of the heads of clubs and federations, is aimed at improving the level of conducting aikido seminar classes, identifying weak points and developing recommendations for the preparation and form of conducting such classes. In addition, the presented research aims to identify the place of attestation within the framework of the seminar, to analyze its expediency and effectiveness.
The article analyzes the concept of “center” in the context of aikido and other oriental martial arts. It is determined that the category of center in aikido completely coincides with the definition of the general center of gravity in general physiology. That once again proves the practical effectiveness of techniques used in aikido, as well as the important positive impact of aikido practice on harmonizing the interaction of right and left-brain hemispheres, balance of psycho-emotional state and improvement of general health and well-being. The state of physical culture and sports activities of Aikido athletes is revealed, which is seen as a syncretism of external (physical, social) and internal (emotional, mental, volitional, independent) multifaceted work, which, although not a competitive and stimulating system, but aimed at long term of study and comprehension, without age requirements. It was found that a deeper understanding by aikido practitioners of the basic and key concepts of the presented martial art contributes to a better understanding of the biophysical basis of techniques, ukemi and tai sabaki movements, which increases the level of preparation for the certification. In addition, it was found that understanding and using the work of the center has a significant positive impact in the study of other martial arts, including judo, iaido, jodo, hand-to-hand combat, and even in teaching acrobatics elements. The authors of this article, based on their own experience of Aikido practice and its teaching, as well as other disciplines in the field of physical culture and sports, provide a generalized and diverse vision of the concept of “center” to better master key concepts, awareness effective and wide application of theoretical knowledge gained in training. We consider the results of the presented study to be especially significant for people of the second adulthood and older age who practice aikido [7]. It is possible because the use of the center can significantly reduce the load and joints of both upper and lower body, which not only allows practicing aikido even in old age, but also makes practice possible even in the presence of injuries or disabilities [8]. The results of the presented research are relevant both for martial arts schools and for any kind of sports and physical culture activities that involve interaction with a partner.
The presented article provides an analysis of one of the key concepts of eastern martial arts – ukemi, i.e. body insurance based on the principle of balance maintaining. The importance of ukemi, as well as its study and the correct performance of technique, is determined in order to preserve the health of aikido athletes, avoid injuries and, as a result, the possibility of continuing a full-fledged practice not only until adulthood, but also until old age. In the given research there was revealed and characterized the state of physical culture and sports activities of aikido athletes, which is based on the interaction of two partners (uke and nage), who performing different motor actions, in fact both equally take part in practicing a certain technique, movement or throw. The effectiveness of this work depends both on the actions of the nage, and on the readiness of the uke to lose balance, performing appropriate ukemi, in order not only to respond adequately and in time to the reception, but also to restore it quickly enough, demonstrating the readiness to attack and interact with the partner again. It was found that the ability of the uke to relax in time and feel the so-called musubi – a concept that combines both timing and the intuitive feeling of the partner, and not only predicts an adequate reaction to a certain physical impact, that contributes to the better practice of various types of ukemi body insurance. In addition, it has been established that better performance of ukemi is also facilitated by flexibility of the body, which also requires additional training both individually and in pairs. An important aspect is the fact that the technique of performing ukemi remains constant, regardless of the surface on which the body protection is performed. The same constantness must be held whether the uke knows what technique will be performed now, whether the partner is his regular partner, or whether they are working together for the first time, and whether the performed technique is demonstrated with or without a weapon. Based on their own experience of practicing and teaching aikido, the authors of this article emphasize the importance of learning ukemi in aikido as a primary motor skill that should be learned by an aikidokas, regardless of their age and previous experience in both general physical training and martial arts. The results of the presented research can be used in preparation for aikido certifications at all levels, as well as during current training in any period of the annual cycle.
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