Pediatric Abdominal Wall Defects

Uncommon Complication of Paediatric Umbilical Hernia: Spontaneous Evisceration. Case Report and Literature Review

“…Spontaneous rupture of an umbilical hernia remains exceptional, B. Zendejas and al [5] reported only one case in a study including 489 children managed in their department for 53 years. Since 1956 and the first report of spontaneous rupture of an umbilical hernia, 19 similar cases were published in the medical literature.…”

Management of paediatric hernia

“…This enables intra-abdominal contents to herniate through the deep inguinal ring, inguinal canal, and superficial inguinal ring into the scrotum or via the canal of Nuck into the labium (fig 1⇓). 21 The left processus vaginalis obliterates before the right; this is thought to explain why right sided inguinal hernias outnumber left sided and bilateral hernias in a ratio of 7:2:1. 20…”

“…22 Parents should be made aware that following repair on one side, development of a hernia on the contralateral side can occur. 21 Incarcerated hernias present as an irreducible lump in the groin. Most incarcerations occur in infants.…”

Ovary and Testicle and Everything in Between: Lesions and Imaging in the Newborn

“…74 Clinically hernias present with focal painless and fluctuating enlargement of the labia or groin. 75 About 15%-20% of inguinal hernias in infant girls contain an ovary, sometimes with a fallopian tube and even the uterus.…”

“…The canal of Nuck is a rudimentary peritoneal sac that travels through the inguinal canal and terminates in the labia majora; the equivalent of the gubernaculum will become the ovarian and round ligaments. [74][75][76][77] In addition to hernias, fluid accumulation along the canal might lead to the formation of a cyst (equivalent to an encysted hydrocele of the spermatic cord in males). 78,79 Müllerian Duct Anomalies The fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, and upper vagina arise from the Müllerian (paramesonephric) ducts; the vagina is formed from the lower end of the uterovaginal canal, which develops from the Müllerian ducts and the urogenital sinus.…”