Pediatric musculoskeletal ultrasound: a pictorial essay

Barbuto, Luigi; Serafino, Marco Di; Vecchia, Nicoletta Della; Rea, Gaetano; Esposito, Francesco; Vezzali, Norberto; Ferro, Federica; Caprio, Maria Grazia; Vola, Elena Augusta; Romeo, Valeria; Vallone, Gianfranco

doi:10.1007/s40477-018-0337-y

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Firstly a morphological assessment was performed on all scans, taking into account the acetabulum conformation, the cotiloidal margin shape and the acetabolic cartilage thickness; subsequently, for the quantitative assessment, a few lines are traced upon the above scan which is essential for the Alpha and Beta angle calculus (Fig. 1a, b) [17]. Based on morphological features and on alpha and beta angles, the hips were divided into 4 groups according to a modified version of the Graf method: Graf I (normal); Graf IIa (immature); Graf II b and IIc (minor dysplasia); and Graf IId or higher dysplasia (major dysplasia which needs treatment) (Table A, supplementary material).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental dysplasia of the hip: real world data from a retrospective analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of universal screening

et al. 2020

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Aims Developmental dysplasia of the hip is an important cause of disability in children and young adult and it also has a significant socio-economic impact in our society. The main objective of our study is to evaluate, in our hospital, the effectiveness of a universal ultrasound screening protocol and to assess the general knowledge about the theme of pediatricians and neonatologists. Methods Retrospective study of infants born from January 2016 to April 2019, evaluated with hip ultrasound (Graf method). Risk factors assessed were female gender, breech presentation at birth, positive family history and twin birth. For the secondary objective, an anonymous and validated questionnaire was distributed to all pediatricians and neonatologists. Results Among the 4000 hips analyzed, on ultrasound examination, 98.8% hips resulted mature or immature but appropriate for age, while 1,2% hips were pathological. Analyzing the mature or immature hips, 2,4% were positive on clinical examination and 97,6% were negative. In relation to ultrasound pathological hips, 33,3% have positive clinical examination, while 66,7% negative. From the analysis of risk factors a significant association emerged between female sex, breech presentation and family history with the ultrasound pathological findings. The results of Survey showed that inadequate training about developmental dysplasia of the hip is done during medical school. Conclusions A universal ultrasound screening allowed us to identify developmental dysplasia of the hip in a number of children with normal clinical examination and no risk factors. Specific training courses should be implemented regarding Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip for neonatologists and pediatricians.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental dysplasia of the hip: real world data from a retrospective analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of universal screening

et al. 2020

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“…4,6 Based on the dominant clinical manifestations within the first 6 months of the disease, as well as the results of laboratory tests, the International League of Associations for Rheumatology divided JIA into several subtypes: oligoarthritis, systemic arthritis, polyarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, enthesitis-related arthritis, and undifferentiated arthritis. 4,6,9 In each of the JIA forms, the disease course is hard to foresee. Severe MSK disability affects 2 to 5% of children, and 31 to 55% of patients reach adulthood with active disease.…”

Section: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritismentioning

confidence: 99%

Conventional Radiography and Ultrasound Imaging of Rheumatic Diseases Affecting the Pediatric Population

Pracoń

Gómez

Simoni

et al. 2021

Semin Musculoskelet Radiol

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Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is the most frequent rheumatic disease in the pediatric population, followed by systemic lupus erythematosus, juvenile scleroderma syndromes, juvenile dermatomyositis, chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis, and juvenile vasculopathies. The imaging approach to inflammatory connective tissue diseases in childhood has not changed dramatically over the last decade, with radiographs still the leading method for bony pathology assessment, disease monitoring, and evaluation of growth disturbances. Ultrasonography is commonly used for early detection of alterations within the intra- and periarticular soft tissues, assessing their advancement and also disease monitoring. It offers several advantages in young patients including nonionizing radiation exposure, short examination time, and high resolution, allowing a detailed evaluation of the musculoskeletal system for the features of arthritis, tenosynovitis, enthesitis, bursitis, myositis, as well as pathologies of the skin, subdermis, vessels, and fasciae. In this pictorial essay we discuss radiographic and ultrasound inflammatory features of autoimmune pediatric inflammatory arthropathies: juvenile idiopathic arthritis, lupus erythematosus, juvenile scleroderma, juvenile dermatomyositis and polymyositis.

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“… Ultrasonido: la justificación de dicho examen se basa en razón de que hay un período preclínico en el que es posible un diagnóstico y la evolución natural de la afección puede revertirse mediante una intervención temprana (20). Los valores descritos de sensibilidad y especificidad del ultrasonido son de 80 y 97%, respectivamente (26).…”

Section: Estudios De Imagenunclassified

Actualización en displasia del desarrollo de la cadera

2020

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La displasia del desarrollo de cadera es el trastorno ortopédico más común en los recién nacidos; hace referencia a un amplio espectro de alteraciones patológicas del acetábulo y fémur proximal en crecimiento que incluye la luxación, subluxación y displasia como tal. Es más frecuente en el sexo femenino y la cadera izquierda suele ser la más afectada. Se asocia a factores de riesgo bien descritos; estos pueden ser genéticos, ambientales e incluso la posición prenatal. El diagnóstico precoz es vital y se basa en una combinación de examen físico, ultrasonido y radiografía. El tratamiento va a depender de la edad del paciente, puede ser ortopédico o quirúrgico y los objetivos de ambas modalidades están basados en la obtención de una cabeza femoral colocada concéntricamente en el acetábulo para que este último tenga un crecimiento de manera adecuada.

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Pediatric musculoskeletal ultrasound: a pictorial essay

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

Developmental dysplasia of the hip: real world data from a retrospective analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of universal screening

Developmental dysplasia of the hip: real world data from a retrospective analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of universal screening

Conventional Radiography and Ultrasound Imaging of Rheumatic Diseases Affecting the Pediatric Population

Actualización en displasia del desarrollo de la cadera

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