Pediatric Osteoarticular Infection Update

Abstract

Musculoskeletal infections are a common cause of morbidity in children. A multitude of studies over the past few years have improved our knowledge and understanding of the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of pediatric osteomyelitis and septic arthritis. Staphylococcus aureus continues to be the most common pathogen; however, new and innovative organism identification techniques are improving the speed and accuracy of diagnosis and increasing the identification of other less common organisms. Improved capability for patient assessment with a combination of advanced imaging studies and timely laboratory tests allow for a more thorough understanding of the disease process and more efficient patient care.

Clinical and microbiological features of septic arthritis in children: Experience of one Latin American country

“…The high concurrency of osteomyelitis observed in this series is not surprising [5]. Several studies have shown a low bacterial recovery rate around 33-37% [1,2,6], which are much lower than that found in our study where the cultures resulted in a high return rate (70%). S. aureus was the most frequent bacterial agent isolated in our series.…”

“…Rapid recognition is necessary to initiate the appropriate treatment in a timely manner. Empiric antibiotic treatment is based on the patient's age and most likely organism involved in a given community [2].…”

Update on the Management of Pediatric Acute Osteomyelitis and Septic Arthritis

“…Finally, Candida spp. is another pathogen that may be identified from some cases of acute osteomyelitis (mainly spondylodiscitis) which requires a prolonged antifungal treatment and surgical debridement [ 44 ].…”

Current trends of microorganisms and their sensitivity pattern in paediatric septic arthritis: A prospective study from tertiary care level hospital

“…Author wants to emphasize that beta-lactam antibiotics should be used as an empirical therapy over clindamycin because an often use of clindamycin may develop resistance in MRSA, so it may not be helpful drug for future. Also K. kingae is recently found as one of the commonest emerging microbe in bone and joint infection 8 and betalactam antibiotics are better drugs to cover Kingella than clindamycin.…”