Pediatric Versus Adult Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Snidvongs, Kornkiat; Sangubol, Melissa; Poachanukoon, Orapan

doi:10.1007/s11882-020-00924-6

Cited by 34 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…These are consistent with most literature-reported clinical manifestations of CRS. [ 25 26 27 ] Clinical manifestations were different according to the affected sinus. In the case of frontal rhinosinusitis, the most reported clinical manifestations were headache, red eye, ringing nose, and fever.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and clinical presentation of sinusitis in pediatric age group in Aseer, Saudi Arabia

Alshehri

Assiri

Alqarni

et al. 2021

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

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Background: Paediatric rhinosinusitis is mostly different than that in adults. More frequently, children presented with cough, bad breath, crankiness, low energy, and swelling around the eyes, besides a thick yellow-green nasal or post-nasal discharge. About 5- 13% of childhood viral upper respiratory tract infections may advance to acute rhinosinusitis, with some of them developing a chronic condition. Aim: To assess prevalence and clinical presentation of sinusitis in the paediatric age group in Aseer, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: A retrospective record-based study was conducted in Abha Maternity and Children Hospital in Abha city, Saudi Arabia between January 2015 and January 2018. All medical records during the study period for children whose from to 15 years old attended the hospital and diagnosed as having sinusitis were included. Results: The study included 100 children with complete files whose ages ranged from less than 1 year to up to 13 years old with a mean age of 5.3 4.2 years. Nearly 51% of the children aged 4 years or less and male were 53 (53%). Past history for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) was positive among 30 children. Regarding clinical presentations of rhinosinusitis (RS) as reported by the children caregivers, fever was the most reported complaint (50%) followed by red eye (44%), ringing nose (42%), cough (41%) and headache (36%). Mucous culture was positive among 58 cases. The most isolated pathogens were streptococcus pneumoniae (45.6%), Haemophilis influenza (24.6%). Conclusions: In conclusion, the study revealed that CRS is a common disease in children at different ages, especially, maxillary and frontal sinuses. In most of the cases, medical treatment is highly appreciated; though, surgical intervention may be needed in a small percentage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 4 5 6 ] About 5-13% of childhood viral upper respiratory tract infections may advance to acute rhinosinusitis, with some of them developing a chronic condition. [ 7 8 ] The reliability of the ostiomeatal complex is most important for sinus health. Usually, sinusitis starts after ostial obstruction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and clinical presentation of sinusitis in pediatric age group in Aseer, Saudi Arabia

Alshehri

Assiri

Alqarni

et al. 2021

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

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“…In these patients, cough is caused by postnasal drip and may be dry or wet, occurring at every moment of the day, while worsening at night. Such symptom has been included in the CRS definition since it represents the most common symptom in children with CRS (88%), while the most common symptom in adults is hyposmia (79%) [22,23]. As far as anterior nasal discharge is concerned, secretions may be of any quantity, and purulent or mucoid in quality, but may also be absent due to postnasal drip, which could also cause malodorous breath [24].…”

Section: Risk Factors For Chronic Rhinosinusitis In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the OMC is obstructed due to mucosal edema, negative pressure and hypoxia develop in the sinuses, stimulating mucus production and favoring its retention, which leads to bacterial growth and acute rhinosinusitis onset, giving rise to a vicious cycle further worsening the retention of secretions, impairing ciliary function, and favoring bacterial growth and biofilm formation with chronic OMC obstruction and CRS development [2]. Obstruction of the sinus ostia and OMC may be favored by allergic inflammation, the recurrence of upper respiratory infections, and adenoid hypertrophy, which are common conditions in childhood [19,23]. The latter is particularly important when considering that adenoid hypertrophy prevalence is 34% in the general pediatric population, being the most common cause for nasal obstruction in childhood, especially in younger children [29], and that due to the smaller dimensions of the upper airways in children and the proximity to the paranasal sinuses, an enlargement of the adenoids may obstruct their ostia or alter the drainage of postnasal discharge at the nasopharynx, causing posterior nasal obstruction with mucous retention.…”

Section: Risk Factors For Chronic Rhinosinusitis In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nasal Polyps in Children: The Early Origins of a Challenging Adulthood Condition

et al. 2021

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Nasal polyps (NPs) are benign inflammatory masses causing chronic nasal obstruction, usually associated with underlying chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), which are rarely reported in childhood. The interest in NPs has recently increased due to new therapeutic options, namely biological agents, such as dupilumab, and an update of the European position paper on this topic was released in 2020, providing a detailed classification for these lesions and also discussing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches also in children. In childhood, NPs usually represent red flags for systemic diseases, such as cystic fibrosis and immunodeficiencies. This review outlines the recent data on NPs in childhood, focusing on predisposing factors for CRS as well as on the potential endotypes in this particular age group, for which further studies are required in order to better clarify their pathogenesis and to identify molecular biomarkers that could help achieve more personalized treatments.

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“…The estimated prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in paediatric patients has been calculated to be between 2.1% -4% [4]. Children between the ages of 10 -15 years most often suffer from CRS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current issues in the diagnostics of paediatric chronic rhinosinusitis

Standyło¹,

Obuchowska²,

Horoch³

et al. 2021

J Pre Clin Clin Res.

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Introduction and objective. Paediatric chronic rhinosinusitis (PCRS) is a common disease in children. It is defined as an ongoing inflammation of the nasal cavity and sinuses lasting for over 12 weeks. Due to prevalence in the population, PCRS is associated with a high healthcare and financial burden. During the examination, attention should be paid to symptoms that may suggest chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), because it may be underdiagnosed. Due to the chronicity of the inflammatory process and the similarity of symptoms to allergic rhinitis and adenoid hypertrophy, diagnosis and treatment are difficult. In this review, guidelines from The European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EPOS) 2020 and recent literature reports from Medline and Scopus database are analysed. Materials and methods. Information was obtained through a review and analysis of the PubMed Medline and Scopus databases. Brief description of the state of knowledge. Diagnostic difficulties with CRS can be caused by many factors. The EPOS guidelines recommend flexible or rigid nasal endoscopy as a preliminary objective method to assist in the recognition of CRS. Computed tomography (CT) is not recommended for routine management; therefore, CT is the gold standard for imaging when establishing a PCRS diagnosis or preparing for sinus surgery. The use of conventional X-ray imaging for chronic rhinosinusitis is limited and not recommended. Conclusions. Understanding the symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis is of utmost importance in daily practice. Early initial assessment of symptoms in children with a high probability of CRS allows for early diagnosis and reduces the need for endoscopic and imaging examination.

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Pediatric Versus Adult Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Cited by 34 publications

References 78 publications

Prevalence and clinical presentation of sinusitis in pediatric age group in Aseer, Saudi Arabia

Prevalence and clinical presentation of sinusitis in pediatric age group in Aseer, Saudi Arabia

Nasal Polyps in Children: The Early Origins of a Challenging Adulthood Condition

Current issues in the diagnostics of paediatric chronic rhinosinusitis

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