Pediculicidal treatment using ethanol and Melia azedarach L

Rutkauskis, João Ricardo; Jacomini, Débora; Temponi, Lívia Godinho; Sarragiotto, María Helena; Silva, Edson Antonio Alves da; Jorge, Tereza C.M.

doi:10.1007/s00436-015-4394-2

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…However, in light of our results, alternative possibilities need to be investigated. Because of its toxicity, flooding of the respiratory system with alcohol results in the death of head lice [ 37 , 47 , 50 ]. In addition, the dark blue staining observed not only in the respiratory system but in the whole body is due to ethanol ingress through the cuticle of the insect ( Figure 4 c) as previously described [ 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The efficacy of lice infestation treatment has been compared using a variety of protocols, including: hot and cold air [ 13 , 22 ], machine laundering [ 30 , 36 , 51 ], immersion in water [ 4 , 38 , 52 ], immersion in chemical agents [ 3 ], and immersion in ethanol [ 37 , 50 ]. The efficacy of chemical agents and ethanol has been demonstrated [ 3 , 37 , 50 ], whereas the efficacy of water remains controversial. Moreover, controversy exists concerning the role of spiracles during immersion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do drowning and anoxia kill head lice?

et al. 2018

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Chemical, physical, and mechanical methods are used to control human lice. Attempts have been made to eradicate head lice Pediculus humanus capitis by hot air, soaking in various fluids or asphyxiation using occlusive treatments. In this study, we assessed the maximum time that head lice can survive anoxia (oxygen deprivation) and their ability to survive prolonged water immersion. We also observed the ingress of fluids across louse tracheae and spiracle characteristics contrasting with those described in the literature. We showed that 100% of lice can withstand 8 h of anoxia and 12.2% survived 14 h of anoxia; survival was 48.9% in the untreated control group at 14 h. However, all lice had died following 16 h of anoxia. In contrast, the survival rate of water-immersed lice was significantly higher when compared with non-immersed lice after 6 h (100% vs. 76.6%, p = 0.0037), and 24 h (50.9% vs. 15.9%, p = 0.0003). Although water-immersed lice did not close their spiracles, water did not penetrate into the respiratory system. In contrast, immersion in colored dimeticone/cyclomethicone or colored ethanol resulted in penetration through the spiracles and spreading to the entire respiratory system within 30 min, leading to death in 100% of the lice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do drowning and anoxia kill head lice?

et al. 2018

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“…The efficiency rates of the medications were 82% and 62%, respectively [20]. Other studies have investigated the effects of neem extract, Melia azedarach L oil, paw paw herbal shampoo, and Annona squamosa seed extract, all of which were found beneficial [21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of the Peganum Harmala Oil Versus 1% Permethrin Shampoo on the Treatment of Head Louse Infestation

Maarefvand¹,

Kenari

Ghobadi

et al. 2019

JPRI

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Introduction: Head louse infestation is one of the major public health problems among children worldwide. Several drugs have been developed to treat the infestation. Side effects and drug resistance associated with these drugs limit their applicability. Increasing attention of scientific committees to alternative drugs along with greater effects and lower complications and costs, increase the hope of success for alternative drugs. Materials and Methods: 93 participants (11 men and 82 women) with positively diagnosed with head lice infestation were allocated into two groups using the stratified randomization method. The intervention in one group comprised of Peganum harmala oil applied onto the patient’s hair and scalp and the hair and scalp being washed after 20 minutes once a day. The procedure was performed on the first three days of week one of intervention (phase 1) and reiterated on the subsequent week (phase 2) in a similar manner. The other group applied permethrin shampoo once in the first week of intervention and once in the second week. Results: Permethrin shampoo recovered 7 (29.2%) in day 1, 2 (15.4%) in day 2, 2 (25.0%) in day 3 and 28 (73.7%) in day 11 but Peganum harmala oil recovered 17 (70.8%) in day 1, 11 (84.6%) in day 2, 6 (75.0%) in day 3 and 10 (26.3%) in day 11 (P-value <0.005). Conclusion: The clearing effects and side effects of Peganum harmala oil and permethrin shampoo are approximately similar in the two-phase application although the oil’s clearing and protective effect is greater than that of the shampoo with its effect occurring earlier than that of the shampoo.

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“…In these aspects, M. azedarach and L. chinensis are medicinal plants that are used as biological resources of traditional oriental medicine in Korea, Japan and China as well as various countries and regions globally, which include various bioactive substances. Until recently, pharmacological activity and function of them have been variously reported as follows: (1) the aqueous extracts from M. azedarach induce the effect of wound healing by activating the growth of keratinocyte [24]; (2) the pediculicidal activity of ethanol extracts of M. azedarach [25];…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The anti-tubercular activity of Melia azedarach L. and Lobelia chinensis Lour. and their potential as effective anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis candidate agents

Choi¹,

Lee²

2016

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine

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A B S T R A C T Objective: To evaluate the anti-mycobacterial activity of Melia azedarach L. (M. azedarach) and Lobelia chinensis Lour. (L. chinensis) extracts against the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). Methods: The anti-M. tuberculosis activity of M. azedarach and L. chinensis extracts were evaluated using different indicator methods such as resazurin microtiter assay (REMA) and mycobacteria growth indicator tube (MGIT) 960 system assay. The M. tuberculosis was incubated with various concentrations (50-800 mg/mL) of the extracts for 5 days in the REMA, and for 4 weeks in MGIT 960 system assay. Results: M. azedarach and L. chinensis extracts showed their anti-M. tuberculosis activity by strongly inhibiting the growth of M. tuberculosis in a concentration-dependent manner in the REMA and the MGIT 960 system assay. Particularly, the methanol extract of M. azedarach and n-hexane extract of L. chinensis consistently exhibited their effects by effectively inhibiting the growth of M. tuberculosis in MGIT 960 system for 4 weeks with a single-treatment, indicating higher anti-M. tuberculosis activity than other extracts,and their minimum inhibitory concentrations were measured as 400 mg/mL and 800 mg/ mL, respectively. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that M. azedarach and L. chinensis extracts not only have unique anti-M. tuberculosis activity, but also induce the selective anti-M. tuberculosis effects by consistently inhibiting or blocking the growth of M. tuberculosis through a new pharmacological action. Therefore, this study suggests the potential of them as effective candidate agents of next-generation for developing a new anti-tuberculosis drug, as well as the advantage for utilizing traditional medicinal plants as one of effective strategies against tuberculosis.

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Pediculicidal treatment using ethanol and Melia azedarach L

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Do drowning and anoxia kill head lice?

Do drowning and anoxia kill head lice?

Efficacy of the Peganum Harmala Oil Versus 1% Permethrin Shampoo on the Treatment of Head Louse Infestation

The anti-tubercular activity of Melia azedarach L. and Lobelia chinensis Lour. and their potential as effective anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis candidate agents

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