PEDOT:PSS organic electrochemical transistors for electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing down to single cells

Hempel, Felix; Law, Jessica Ka-Yan; Nguyen, Thanh Chien; Lanche, Ruben; Susloparova, Anna; Vu, Xuan Thang; Ingebrandt, Sven

doi:10.1016/j.bios.2021.113101

Cited by 38 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Attachment and adhesion of individual cells as well as blocking of gap junctions between several cells can be recorded by this novel technique. [123] For even faster response times of the OECTs, Spyropoulos et al developed an internal ion-gated OECT (IGT) (Figure 5b), by adding D-sorbitol to PEDOT:PSS to create an "ion reservoir" within the polymer channel, which reduced the response time of the device and facilitated the operation in depletion mode. In this operation mode, the unbiased transistors show a high channel conductivity.…”

Section: Organic Electrochemical Transistorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PEDOT:PSS‐Based Bioelectronic Devices for Recording and Modulation of Electrophysiological and Biochemical Cell Signals

Liang

Offenhäusser

Ingebrandt

et al. 2021

Adv Healthcare Materials

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119

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To understand the physiology and pathology of electrogenic cells and the corresponding tissue in their full complexity, the quantitative investigation of the transmission of ions as well as the release of chemical signals is important. Organic (semi-) conducting materials and in particular organic electrochemical transistor are gaining in importance for the investigation of electrophysiological and recently biochemical signals due to their synthetic nature and thus chemical diversity and modifiability, their biocompatible and compliant properties, as well as their mixed electronic and ionic conductivity featuring ion-to-electron conversion. Here, the aim is to summarize recent progress on the development of bioelectronic devices utilizing polymer polyethylenedioxythiophene: poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) to interface electronics and biological matter including microelectrode arrays, neural cuff electrodes, organic electrochemical transistors, PEDOT:PSS-based biosensors, and organic electronic ion pumps. Finally, progress in the material development is summarized for the improvement of polymer conductivity, stretchability, higher transistor transconductance, or to extend their field of application such as cation sensing or metabolite recognition. This survey of recent trends in PEDOT:PSS electrophysiological sensors highlights the potential of this multifunctional material to revolve current technology and to enable long-lasting, multichannel polymer probes for simultaneous recordings of electrophysiological and biochemical signals from electrogenic cells.

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Section: Organic Electrochemical Transistorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PEDOT:PSS‐Based Bioelectronic Devices for Recording and Modulation of Electrophysiological and Biochemical Cell Signals

Liang

Offenhäusser

Ingebrandt

et al. 2021

Adv Healthcare Materials

Self Cite

119

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“…36 This justi es the use of a transistor structure for high precision bioelectronic impedance sensing experiments. 5 Figure 2f demonstrates that the OECT gain is a geometry-dependent parameter. The smallest device (WxL = 50x50 µm) shows the highest gain, while a rectangular channel geometry is preferable for OECTs with the same area, since the gain is proportional to W/L ratio.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 The ampli cation is highly wanted to improve signal to noise ratio in challenging sensor applications aiming for instance at biochemical detection in complex mixtures 4 or single cell bioelectronic monitoring. 5 Signi cant progress on this concept has been made by the introduction of organic or carbon-based semiconducting materials with high stability in water such as carbon nanotubes, 6,7 graphene, 8,9 or organic semiconductors. 10 When patterned into a semiconducting channel connected to a source and drain electrode, these materials enable transistor-like structures to replace single metallic working electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such changes in transfer function are usually quanti ed as the transistor bandwidth (or response time) and equivalent circuit models were developed to explain the observed frequency response and its relation to impedances at the cell/PEDOT:PSS interface. 5 Despite the promising results, a quantitative study on the transistor ampli cation gain in the frequency spectrum relevant for cellular impedance sensing is still lacking. Different studies demonstrate that the high OECT transconductance is limited to the low frequency regime and strongly depends on transistor geometry and materials properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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AC amplification gain in organic electrochemical transistors for impedance-based single cell sensors

Bonafè

Decataldo

Zironi

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Research on water-gated and organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) architectures is motivated by the prospect of a highly biocompatible interface capable of amplifying bioelectronic signals at the site of detection. Despite many demonstrations in these directions, a quantitative model for OECTs as impedance biosensors is still lacking. We overcome this issue by introducing a model experiment where we simulate the detection of a single cell by the impedance sensing of a dielectric microparticle. The highly reproducible experiment allows us to study the impact of transistor geometry and operation conditions on device sentivity. With the data we rationalize a mathematical model that provides clear guidelines for the optimization of OECTs as single cell sensors, and we verify the quantitative predictions in an in-vitro experiment. In the optimized geometry, the OECT-based impedance sensor allows to record single cell adhesion and detachment transients, showing a maximum gain of (20.2±0.9) dB with respect to a single electrode based impedance sensor.

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“…PEDOT:PSS is the most used material for the fabrication of OECTs, and several bioelectronic devices for health care-related applications and biomedical research have been developed employing this channel material [8,113]. For instance, Hempel et al have recently studied the adhesion and interaction of cells with PEDOT:PSS-based OECTs down to a single cell resolution using an impedimetric readout method [114]. Rivnay et al have also demonstrated the high-quality recordings of human brain rhythms with PEDOT:PSS OECTs [115].…”

Section: Organic Electrochemical Transistorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalization Strategies of PEDOT and PEDOT:PSS Films for Organic Bioelectronics Applications

et al. 2021

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Organic bioelectronics involves the connection of organic semiconductors with living organisms, organs, tissues, cells, membranes, proteins, and even small molecules. In recent years, this field has received great interest due to the development of all kinds of devices architectures, enabling the detection of several relevant biomarkers, the stimulation and sensing of cells and tissues, and the recording of electrophysiological signals, among others. In this review, we discuss recent functionalization approaches for PEDOT and PEDOT:PSS films with the aim of integrating biomolecules for the fabrication of bioelectronics platforms. As the choice of the strategy is determined by the conducting polymer synthesis method, initially PEDOT and PEDOT:PSS films preparation methods are presented. Later, a wide variety of PEDOT functionalization approaches are discussed, together with bioconjugation techniques to develop efficient organic-biological interfaces. Finally, and by making use of these approaches, the fabrication of different platforms towards organic bioelectronics devices is reviewed.

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PEDOT:PSS organic electrochemical transistors for electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing down to single cells

Cited by 38 publications

References 32 publications

PEDOT:PSS‐Based Bioelectronic Devices for Recording and Modulation of Electrophysiological and Biochemical Cell Signals

PEDOT:PSS‐Based Bioelectronic Devices for Recording and Modulation of Electrophysiological and Biochemical Cell Signals

AC amplification gain in organic electrochemical transistors for impedance-based single cell sensors

Functionalization Strategies of PEDOT and PEDOT:PSS Films for Organic Bioelectronics Applications

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