Pemanfaatan Kalender 4M Sebagai Alat Bantu Meningkatkan Peran Serta Masyarakat dalam Pemberantasan dan Pencegahan Demam Berdarah

Abstract

AbstrakUpaya pemberantasan sarang nyamuk yang dikenal selama ini adalah gerakan 3M, yaitu Menguras-MenutupMengubur. Program ini belum berjalan dengan optimal terbukti dengan masih tingginya insidensi DBD dan masih terjadi kejadian luar biasa. Dibutuhkan monitoring yang kuat untuk mencapai keberhasilan 3M. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempergunakan alat bantu berupa kalender 4M (Menguras-Menutup-Mengubur-Monitor) untuk dipergunakan sebagai alat monitoring dalam program pemberantasan sarang nyamuk. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus menggunakan teknik wawancara mendalam dan diskusi grup terfokus. Metode sampling yang digunakan adalah maximal variation sampling dengan teknik analisis triangulasi. Informan berasal dari Dinas Kesehatan Kota Bandung, Puskesmas Tamansari, dan Kader Kesehatan di Kelurahan Tamansari selama bulan Juli 2015. Berdasarkan analisis data didapatkan bahwa masalah yang terjadi adalah pengabaian aktivitas rutin seperti 3M karena tidak terdapat mekanisme monitoring dan feedback. Salah satu keunggulan yang ada di lingkungan adalah motivasi dan partisipasi kader. Simpulan, kalender 4M berhasil dikembangkan sebagai sarana monitoring sekaligus edukasi untuk masyarakat. Kalender 4M merupakan alat bantu yang memfasilitasi keberadaan kader dalam mendukung program 3M. Kata kunci: Alat monitoring, kalender 4M, partisipasi masyarakat 4M Calendar Developmet for Monitoring Tools to Increase Community Participation in the Dengue Control Program AbstractDengue prevention program in Indonesia, 3M, Menguras-Menutup-Mengubur have not been optimal as can be seen from the still high cases of dengue and some outbreak in several areas. A good monitoring process is needed to ensure the success of this program. This study aimed to develop monitoring tools to assist monitoring process in dengue prevention program. This was a qualitative study with case study approach using in-depth interview and focus group discussion with informants from Bandung City Health Department, Tamansari Health center and community cadres on July 2015. Sample method used was maximal variation sampling with triangulation analysis method. Results showed community participation hindered by the lack of monitoring and feedback tools. On the other hands participations from cadres were good that can be used to support 3M program. In conclusion, to assist the monitoring process, a tool-4M (Menguras-Menutup-Mengubur-Monitor) calendar-is developed to assist health cadres in supporting 3M program through monitoring process as well as for education purposes. A strong commitment and collaboration between cadres and community is needed to ensure the success of 3M program.

Improvement of Knowledge and Attitudes on Tuberculosis Patients with Poster Calendar and Leaflet

“…Health office, and health workers conduct health promotion, about the dangers of smoking in the home using the media calendar so that people can improve attitudes that will have an impact on the behavior of people who smoke in the home. The results of this study Respati (2016) show the calendar is a tool that can simplify the education and monitoring process. The implementation of the poster calendar requires excellent cooperation between cadres and the community.…”

“…The use of appropriate media will increase people's attention to the topic to be studied, with the help of media, people's interest and motivation can increase. The community will be more concentrated, and it is hoped that the learning process will be better so that in the end the community's learning achievement can be improved (Respati, 2016).…”

Model Program Demam Berdarah Dengue. Peran Serta Masyarakat, serta Sanitasi Dasar di Kota Bandung

“…Program ini memerlukan partisipasi masyarakat dalam pemeliharaan lingkungan rumah dan sekitar pemukiman mereka. 7,8 Di Indonesia secara umum, upaya untuk pemberantasan sarang nyamuk demam berdarah dengue (PSN-DBD) merupakan aktivitas utama upaya pencegahan DBD yang melibatkan peran serta masyarakat. Program ini sudah dijalankan sejak tahun 1992 dengan gerakan 3M, yaitu Menguras-Menutup-Mengubur.…”

Prediction of Dengue Cases in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

“…Some activities were fogging to control the Aedes Aegypti mosquito, distribution of anti-mosquito lotions for free, and distribute abate powder to cut off the regeneration of infectious mosquitoes. Although studies stated that fogging is not effective to eradicate mosquitos [14] [18]. The local government has also distributed anti-mosquito drugs to schools.…”