Pembelajaran Kitab Kuning Di Pesantren Musthafawiyah, Mandailing Natal

Abstract

<p><strong>Abstrak: </strong>Kitab kuning sejak lama menjadi bagian penting studi Islam di Indonesia, sejak era pertumbuhannya sampai kini. Pesantren, dan agak belakangan madrasah, menjadi garda terdepan dalam pengkajian dan pelestarian khazanah kitab kuning di Nusantara. Kitab-kitab yang dikaji meliputi bidang tafsir, hadis, tauhid, fikih, sampai bidang tasawuf. Penelitian pembelajaran kitab kuning selama ini memang dirasa masih berfokus pada kawasan Jawa yang memang bisa dikatakan basis pesantren di Nusantara. Selain itu diketahui ada sejumlah perubahan dalam sistem pembelajaran kitab kuning di pesantren. Secara khusus, artikel ini mengkaji sistem pembelajaran kitab kuning di Pesantren Musthafawiyah. Berdasarkan penelitian lapangan terhadap sistem pembelajaran kitab kuning di pesantren tersebut, di mana data diperoleh dari kegiatan wawancara, observasi, dan telaah dokumen, artikel ini mengajukan temuan bahwa pembelajaran kitab kuning di pesantren Musthafawiyah tidak mengalami perubahan. Kitab yang dikaji selalu sama sejak berdiri sampai sekarang, meskipun ada penambahan kitab yang bukan dalam katagori kitab kuning. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi bagi kajian sejarah pendidikan Islam di Indonesia, khususnya pendidikan Islam di luar Jawa. <br /> <br /><strong>Kata Kunci: </strong>Mandailing, pesantren, pembelajaran, kitab kuning, Musthafawiyah</p><p><br /> <strong>Abstract: Learning System of Kitab Kuning at Pesantren Musthafawiyah, Mandailing Natal. </strong>The <em>kitab kuning</em> (literally ‘Yellow Book’, pre-modern books on Islam) has been the core of Indonesian Islamic studies for a long time. Right from the beginning, <em>pesantrens</em>, to be joined by <em>madradsas </em>at a later period<em>, </em>have taken the responsibility of preserving and teaching <em>kitab kuning </em>throughout the Indonesia archipelago. The <em>kitab kuning-</em>based studies encompass a variety of subjects such as Qur’anic Exegesis, Prophetic Tradition, Islamic Theology, Islamic Law, and Sufism. Very much of the existing studies about <em>kitab kuning </em>was<em> </em>undertaken in Java <em>pesantrens </em>and very seldom cover those pesantrens outside Java. Considering that, as well as many developments and changes in <em>kitab kuning </em>studies, the present studies concentrate on Pesantren Musthafawiyah of Mandailing Natal, North Sumatra. The data obtained suggest that in Pesantren Musthafawiyah the <em>kitab kuning </em>curriculum has remained the same from its initial operation in early 20<sup>th</sup> century to the present. It means that the books studied have always been the same. Although some new books enter the lists, but they are by no means replacing the <em>kitab kuning. </em><br /><strong> </strong><br /><strong>Keywords</strong>: Mandailing, pesantren, learning, yellow book, Musthafawiyah</p>

Learning Arabic Language Sciences Based on Technology in Traditional Islamic Boarding Schools in Indonesia

“…This is relevant to the research of Rasyidin and Harahap & Lubis. 33 Learning the yellow book in all traditional Islamic boarding schools where this research is located is carried out by Ustaz by reading the text, translating and explaining it as well as conducting questions and answers with students. Meanwhile, students listened and took notes on the ustaz's explanation.…”

“…This learning method is in line with the results of research by Rasyidin, which states that the habit of teachers, who are usually referred to as fathers, is teaching yellow book literature by reading the contents of the book, translating, explaining the contents, and answering questions if there are students who ask. Apart from the bandongan method, the traditional Islamic boarding school at this research location also uses the sorogan method, where students come to the ustaz and read the text of the yellow book and translate it, while the Ustaz corrects the students' reading and translation 34 . This method is also found in other Islamic boarding schools, as mentioned in Fentia's research with the title "Implementation of the Sorogan Method in Nahwu Learning at the Salafiyah Al-Mujahidin Rawalo Banyumas Islamic Boarding School" and research Ulya with the title: "Identification Factors of Teacher Resistance to Technology as a Support for Learning in Salaf Islamic Boarding Schools".…”

From Mandailing Land to Haramayn: Mandailing Ulama and the Religious Sciences in the Early 20th Century

“…His teaching method involved reading the contents of the book, translating the Arabic text, and explaining its meaning. He also taught religious sciences by reading, translating, and explaining certain books in the mosque after the Maghrib prayer until the Isha prayer (Rasyidin, 2017). The books he taught were written by prominent ulama in the Shâfi'iyah and Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jamâ'ah schools (Salamuddin, 2014(Salamuddin, , 2019.…”

Islamic Curriculum Management at Pondok Pesantren Salafiah Baitul Rafki as-Sa'diyah Talu Talamau District Pasaman Barat

“…Pelaksanaan pembelajaran kitab kuning sebagai kurikulum keislaman yang terdapat di pondok pesantren As-Sa'diyah terdapat relevansinya dengan pola pembelajaran yang ada di pesantren lain (Mustofa, 2018) seperti di Musthafawiyah (Rasyidin, 2017), pondok Pesantren Khusus Al-Halimy (Rasikh, 2018), temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa pelaksanaan kurikulum keislaman di pondok pesantren As-Sa'diyah terlaksana secara sistematis dan terjadwal.…”