Pembuatan dan Karakterisasi Plastik Biodegradable Berbahan Dasar Ampas Ubi Kayu dan Kulit Udang

Astuti, Adina Widi; Kusuma, Hamdan Hadi; Kumila, Biaunik Niski

doi:10.15408/fiziya.v2i2.12407

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…) Kajian tentang bioplastik berbahan alami seperti pati telah banyak dilakukan, diantaranya (Titani, 2017) yaitu bioplastik dari pati tepung maizena dan pati tepung tapioca lebih mudah terdegradasi. (Melani et al, 2018) melaporkan bahwa bioplastik dari pati umbi talas memenuhi standard Nasional Indonesia (SNI), (Astuti et al, 2019) melaporkan bahwa karakteristik plastik berbahan dasar ampas ubi kayu dan kulit udang memiliki nilai kuat tarik yang baik. (Natalia & Muryeti, 2020) bioplastik degradable dari pati singkong dan kitosan.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Bioplastic Prototype of Gayam Fruit and King Banana Skin with Glycerol Variation

Natsir,

2023

JBT

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Plastic is a popular packaging material used worldwide. Plastic has advantages such as being strong, light and elastic, but due to its slow decomposition process, its existence has an impact on the accumulation of plastic waste and the environment. Bioplastics made from Gayam starch and plantain peels with variations of glycerol are the best solutions to overcome the plastic problem because they are made from easily decomposed raw materials. The purpose of this study was to determine the bioplastic prototype of gayam fruit and plantain peel with glycerol variations. This type of research is quantitative with a laboratory experiment approach. This research was conducted on 24 February 2022 to 06 January 2023 at the Ambon IAIN MIPA Laboratory. Gayam fruit starch and plantain peel starch flour were made in a ratio of 1: 3. Then precipitated for 24 hours and dried in an oven for 4 hours at 50°C. Bioplastics are made by adding variations of glycerol 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Bioplastic prototypes in the form of physical appearance, biodegradable tests and water resistance were analyzed descriptively using the ANOVA test (Analysis of Variance) and continued with Duncan's test to determine the significance of glycerol variations on bioplastic prototypes. The results showed that Gayam starch and plantain peel with variations in glycerol had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the bioplastic prototype.

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Bioplastic Prototype of Gayam Fruit and King Banana Skin with Glycerol Variation

Natsir,

2023

JBT

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“…The result of demineralization is then deacetylated by adding 50% NaOH in a ratio of 1:10 (m/v) at 90oC at 500 rpm for 2 hours. The results obtained were filtered and washed with distilled water until a neutral pH was obtained, then the precipitate was oven-dried for 3 hours at 50oC to dry (Astuti et al 2019). The results of chitosan obtained were analyzed by FTIR.…”

Section: Shrimp Chitosan Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FTIR test was carried out to determine the functional groups contained in biodegradable plastics. The wavelength used is 4000-500 cm -1 (Astuti et al 2019).…”

Section: Ftir Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradable plastic modification from durian seed starch and shrimp chitosan with the addition of plasticiziers glycerol and polyglycerol using microwaves

et al. 2021

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Plastic waste takes up to 450 years to decompose. These problems can be overcome by creating other alternatives, one of which is by using biodegradable plastic. Biodegradable plastics are plastics made from natural polymers that are easily degraded by microorganisms. This study aims to examine the effect of the amount of plasticizer on the length of the degradation process and the effect of using microwaves on the length of time for molding biodegradable plastic. This biodegradable plastic is made by combining durian seed starch, shrimp chitosan and plasticizers in the form of glycerol and polyglycerol with volume variations of 1 mL, 2 mL, 3 mL, 4 mL, and 5 mL. This polymerization was carried out using a microwave with a power of 100 watts for 60 minutes. The resulting biodegradable plastics were characterized using the FTIR test, the Mechanical Properties test, the Absorbency test, and the Biodegradation test to determine the quality of the biodegradable plastic. The results of this study indicate the greatest tensile strength value is 1.9768 MPa, the largest elongation value is 21.2772%, the smallest water absorption is 45.40% for 5 minutes, and the largest degraded mass is 0.908 grams for 7 days. Based on this research, it can be concluded that the use of polyglycerol can accelerate the plastic degradation process. In addition, the use of microwaves can speed up the molding time of biodegradable plastics.

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“…Research on the synthesis of biodegradable plastics using cassava pulp waste and shrimp shell waste has been carried out by [15]. Based on 4 samples of mechanical properties test, the best biodegradable plastic was obtained, namely the sample with a composition ratio (cassava pulp: chitosan) (1.45:0.55) gr, with a tensile strength value of 1.97 ± 0.06 MPa and an elongation value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22.89%. Based on these results, it is necessary to develop research to add information to determine the effect of temperature on characteristics in biodegradable plastic research [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of drying temperature on the characteristics of biodegradable plastic from Cassava pulp and Chitosan

Astuti

Yulianto²,

Nurbaiti³

2021

J. Nat. Scien. & Math. Res.

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Conventional plastics made from polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinylchloride (PVC), polystyrene, and poly (ethylene terephthalate) are difficult to decompose. Bioplastics can reduce the amount of toxic waste generated from biological materials other than petroleum. The combination of cassava pulp and chitosan can be used as a candidate for the manufacture of biodegradable plastics. The optimal drying temperature can produce biodegradable plastics that have good quality. The method used to determine the effect is the mechanical properties test with ASTM D-638M standard and degradation test. The results of this study obtained 6 samples of biodegradable plastic with variations in temperature A=40˚C, B=50˚C, C=60˚C, D=70˚C, E=80˚C and F=90˚C. From the results of the mechanical properties test, the tensile strength values of each sample are A = 0,84 MPa, B = 1,78 MPa, C = 2,24 MPa, D = 1,58 MPa, E = 1,23 MPa and F =0,57 MPa. While the percent elongation value of each sample is A = 11,09%, B = 21,62%, C = 30,25%, D = 15,94%, E = 13% and F = 7,2%. The drying temperature in the process of making biodegradable plastics can affect its mechanical properties, namely the higher the drying temperature used, the lower the tensile strength value and the percent elongation, this is because high temperatures can damage the chemical structure and evaporated sorbitol which serves to increase flexibility. The higher the drying temperature also causes the biodegradable plastic to take longer to degrade. Sample A with the lowest temperature degraded the fastest for 28 days, while sample F with the highest temperature degraded the fastest for 46 days.©2021 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.

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Pembuatan dan Karakterisasi Plastik Biodegradable Berbahan Dasar Ampas Ubi Kayu dan Kulit Udang

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Bioplastic Prototype of Gayam Fruit and King Banana Skin with Glycerol Variation

Bioplastic Prototype of Gayam Fruit and King Banana Skin with Glycerol Variation

Biodegradable plastic modification from durian seed starch and shrimp chitosan with the addition of plasticiziers glycerol and polyglycerol using microwaves

The effect of drying temperature on the characteristics of biodegradable plastic from Cassava pulp and Chitosan

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