“…Basically, research on the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model has been extensively studied by previous researchers, including Sumartini, (2022); Jaharudin et al, 2020;Silvia et al, 2022) in their studies indicated an improvement in the learning outcomes of Islamic Faith and Morality (Islamic creed and moral values), mathematics, and thematic subjects in the cognitive domain of students. Similarly, the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model, as studied by Juwanti et al (2020); Al Firda & Pamungkas (2022), stated that there was an improvement in the learning outcomes of students in subjects such as Islamic Religious Education (PAI) and Islamic Faith and Morality in the cognitive domain of students. Without exception, conventional learning models such as lectures, even though they are considered outdated, several studies have concluded that this learning model is still effective in improving physics learning outcomes (Jafar, 2021).…”