Penetration and Defect Formation in High Current Arc Welding

The Physics of Weld Bead Defects

“…Figure 3(b) shows a parallel humping or a split bead, separated by an empty channel [5]. Figure 3(c) shows beaded cylinder morphology defects, which are quite different from the gouging region morphology [6].…”

“…Morphologies of humped welds are quite complicated, which were roughly categorized into the gouging region and beaded cylinder morphologies [4]. Typical gouging region morphology defects in GTAW at high currents and high travel speeds are shown in Figure 3(a) [5]. The front of the weld pool exhibits a large depression known as the gouging region.…”

“…Clear physical concepts associated with quantitative scale analysis are important and beneficial for predicting, controlling and avoiding the occurrence of surface defects [1]. [5], (c) cylinder beads in GMAW [6], and (d) humps in EBW [2]. Surface roughness including rippling, gouging, humping, fingers, etc., therefore can be affected by mechanisms shown in Table 3.…”

Advanced Gas Tungsten Arc Weld Surfacing Current Status and Application

“…The latter again is susceptible to cause weld defects, such as undercut or bead humping [17]. To cope with these limitations Yamada in the late 1990's [18] developed and patented [19] a novel high-efficiency GTAW method.…”

Dispositivo para medição da pressão do arco e sua aplicação no estudo do processo TIG

“…A pressão do arco é apontada na literatura como sendo um dos parâmetros que determina a penetração da solda [3,9], e a formação de vários defeitos no cordão [3,10,11] como, por exemplo, o "humping" que surge em elevadas velocidades e correntes de soldagem no processo TIG. Isto faz com que a pressão exercida pelo arco voltaico sobre a superfície da poça de fusão, seja objeto de interesse nos estudos acerca de novos processos e técnicas de soldagem que visam o aumento da produtividade, da penetração ou a obtenção de cordões isentos de defeitos.…”