Penetration of annular and general jets into underwater plates

Zhang, Zhifan; Wang, Cheng; Xu, Wenlong; Hu, Haoliang

doi:10.1007/s40571-020-00330-9

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Contemporary warships frequently feature double-layer structures to bolster longitudinal strength and heighten resistance against underwater threats like torpedoes and mines [1,2]. However, the rapid development of underwater weapons has led to the creation of torpedoes armed with both shaped charges and high-explosive warheads [3][4][5]. When attacked by such weapons, high-speed metal jets first penetrate the outer plate, causing initial damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Response of a Warship’s Metal-Jet-Damaged Double-Layer Plates Subjected to the Subsequent Underwater Explosion

Huang,

Mao,

Luo

et al. 2024

JMSE

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This paper examines the response characteristics of a warship’s double-layer plates under a secondary near-field explosion after the ship’s outer plate has been perforated by shaped metal jets. First, the effectiveness of the Coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian (CEL) method was validated, showing numerical simulations to be well aligned with experimental results. Subsequently, the damage inflicted on the outer plate by metal jets was simplified to a prefabricated orifice, further studying the explosive impact response of double-layer plates under different inter-compartmental water levels and charge distances. Our findings indicated the following: (1) shockwave and bubble pulsation loads are the main causes of deformation in the outer plate; (2) the driving of the outer plate and the flooding water between compartments are the main causes of deformation in the inner plate; and (3) deformation in the outer plate will decrease as the water level in the compartment increases, while deformation in the inner plate will increase with the increasing water level. Consequently, under certain specific damage, the ingress of water into a compartment effectively enhances the explosion resistance of the double-layer plates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Response of a Warship’s Metal-Jet-Damaged Double-Layer Plates Subjected to the Subsequent Underwater Explosion

Huang,

Mao,

Luo

et al. 2024

JMSE

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“…With numerical simulation and experimental research, Lu Y et al advanced the annular cutter and determined the cutting angle that can achieve the machine’s ideal cutting effect [ 9 ]. Zhang Z et al set up the SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics) model of the annular jet penetrating the steel target and then made comparisons between the numerical results and experimental data [ 10 ]. Xu W et al optimized the parameters of the liner in the annular shaped charge structure by numerical simulation and experimental verification, with the optimal value of the parameters being obtained [ 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Closed-Cell W-Shaped Liner Parameters on the Penetration Performance of Integral Annular Shaped Charge

Yang

Fu²,

Liang³

et al. 2022

Materials

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To further enhance the hole-opening ability of the metal jet formed by the annular shaped charge on the armored steel target, a new annular shaped charge structure of a closed-cell W-shaped charge liner is designed based on a certain penetration depth. The impact of the length-diameter ratio of the charge, the inverted cone angle, and the cone angle of the liner on the opening diameter of the annular metal jet are studied through the orthogonal optimization of the annular shaped charge structures carried out by numerical simulation, which shows that the inverted cone angle and the cone angle of the liner are among the main factors that affect penetration depth and the opening diameter of the annular jet, respectively. According to this, an optimum annular charge structure considering both penetration depth and opening diameter is designed and tested by experiments. According to the results, the optimized annular jet records an opening diameter of 0.83 CD (Charge Diameter) when it penetrates the armored steel target with a thickness of 0.53 CD. The experimental results are consistent with the numerical simulation. The research results have certain practical engineering significance for guiding the design of the front-stage annular shaped charge structure of the multi-effect destructive warhead.

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“…The formation and velocity attenuation of shaped charge projectiles in water differ from those in air. Zhang et al [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ] systematically studied the underwater explosion and analyzed the damage of shaped charge projectiles to structures underwater. The results showed that the damage of shaped charge projectiles to structures underwater was more severe than that in the air.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Shaped Charge Projectile in Air and Water

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

Materials

Self Cite

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With the improvement of the antiknock performance of warships, shaped charge warheads have been focused on and widely used to design underwater weapons. In order to cause efficient damage to warships, it is of great significance to study the formation of shaped charge projectiles in air and water. This paper uses Euler governing equations to establish numerical models of shaped charges subjected to air and underwater explosions. The formation and the movement of Explosively Formed Projectiles (EFPs) in different media for three cases: air explosion and underwater explosions with and without air cavities are discussed. First, the velocity distributions of EFPs in the formation process are discussed. Then, the empirical coefficient of the maximum head velocity of EFPs in air is obtained by simulations of air explosions of shaped charges with different types of explosives. The obtained results agree well with the practical solution, which validates the numerical model. Further, this empirical coefficient in water is deduced. After that, the evolutions of the head velocity of EFPs in different media for the above three cases are further compared and analyzed. The fitting formulas of velocity attenuation of EFPs, which form and move in different media, are gained. The obtained results can provide a theoretical basis and numerical support for the design of underwater weapons.

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Penetration of annular and general jets into underwater plates

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

Dynamic Response of a Warship’s Metal-Jet-Damaged Double-Layer Plates Subjected to the Subsequent Underwater Explosion

Dynamic Response of a Warship’s Metal-Jet-Damaged Double-Layer Plates Subjected to the Subsequent Underwater Explosion

The Influence of Closed-Cell W-Shaped Liner Parameters on the Penetration Performance of Integral Annular Shaped Charge

Formation of Shaped Charge Projectile in Air and Water

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