PENGARUH BERBAGAI EKSTRAK AKAR DALAM STIMULASI INFEKSI CENDAWAN MIKORIZA ARBUSKULA (CMA) PADA Tithonia diversifolia

Abstract

In the first stage of arbuscular-mycorrhiza (AMF) fungi development on plant roots showed that root exudates, is a substance that determines the success of the establishment of mycorrhizal symbiosis. This secondary metabolites produced is intended to keep mold growth during the phase preinfection. Therefore, it is interesting to know whether to add the root extract of the plant could enhance CMA fungal infection in its host plant. The purpose of this study was to determine the type of root extract can stimulate CMA infection at the root and its influence on the growth of Tithonia diversifolia. This experiment used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications, and continued with advanced test DNMRT at level 5%. The treatments assayed were: control, Tris-HCl buffer pH 7 (A), root extract of weed Imperata cylindrica (B); root extract of taro (C), and root extract of cassava (D). Base on the results obtained we concluded that the extract of the roots of weeds, taro and cassava does not give effect to the increased growth of Tithonia. However, the roots extract stimulated and had influenced on the percentage and intensity of AMF infection at the root of Tithonia and the number of spores obtained in the rhizosphere of Tithonia. In this case the root extract of taro showed the best stimulatory effect of infection with the percentage and intensity of infection are 99.3% and 30.59% consecutively with the number of spores found reach 113 spores/ 100 g soil.Key words: Stimulation, arbuscular-mycorrhiza, root extract, Tithonia diversifolia

Applicaton of Mycorriza on Planting Media of Two Tomato Varieties to Increasevegetable Productivity in Drought Condition

“…Mikoriza adalah salah satu mikroorganisme berguna dan merupakan fungi simbiotik yang tidak berbahaya, bersifat saling menguntungkan antara fungi tanah dengan akar tanaman. Efek positif mikoriza dapat berupa penyerapan dan transport aktif air, penyerapan nutrisi, khususnya unsur P (fosfat) dan mineral lainnya sehingga mengakibatkan jaringan tanaman tercukupi kebutuhan air, fisiologi yang terjaga dan mendukung pertumbuhan [1].…”

“…Hal tersebut sesuai dengan hasil penelitian lain yang menunjukkan bahwa pada musim kering mikoriza aktif untuk bersporulasi membentuk spora [3]. Ketika jamur mikoriza merasakan adanya tanaman inang, maka hifa mikoriza mengalami perubahan morfologis yang ditandai dengan adanya percabangan hifa yang sangat banyak [1]. Percabangan ini meningkatkan kemungkinan kontak fisik antara jamur dan akar sebelum terjadi penentrasi dalam korteks akar.…”