Pengembangan Pemanfaatan Pengolahan Air Dalam Upaya Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Air di Dusun Temuireng, Desa Girisuko, Panggang, Gunungkidul

Abstract

Air merupakan kebutuhan penting bagi hajat hidup warga di Kabupaten Gunung Kidul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Temuireng merupakan salah satu desa di kecamatan Panggang, Kabupaten Gunung kidul, yang kebutuhan airnya masih jauh dari cukup. Di desa ini terdapat 269 kepala keluarga dengan rata-rata 4 jiwa di setiap kepala keluarga, sehingga terdapat kurang lebih 1076 jiwa yang kebutuhan airnya masih belum terpenuhi. Air untuk suplai ke desa ini terkendala oleh kemampuan pemompaan dan kualitas air baku. Kualitas air baku dimusim curah hujan tinggi yang berasal dari Baron maupun gua Ngobaran masih mengandung bakteri E-Coli 9000 per 100 ml sedang total bakteri Coliform 28000 per 100 ml. Dari analisa air dimusim curah hujan sedang total coliform 4000 per 100 ml, dan analisa air dimusim curah hujan rendah (kemarau) total coliform berkisar 400 per 100 ml. Dari persyaratan maksimum 50 per 100 ml. Material terjerap dalam media karst saling berkaitan, antara bahan organik (parameter coliform) dan anorganik (parameter TDS). Dengan proses pengolahan secara laboratorium yang melibatkan proses flokulasi, sedimentasi, untuk dosis tawas, PAC dan biji Kelor sebesar 0,5 – 1 ppm mampu menurunkan TDS dari kisaran 262-288 ppm menjadi dibawah 200 ppm, dan jika dilanjutkan dengan filtrasi dengan media filter zeolit mampu menurunkan TDS hingga dibawah 180 ppm dalam waktu pengendapan 30 menit. Dan untuk dosis kelor jika dilanjutkan dengan perlakuan filter karbon mampu menurunkan TDS hingga dibawah 160 ppm dalam waktu filtrasi 30-60 menit. Sedang untuk proses olahan dengan destilasi percik tenaga surya, dimungkinkan terjadi penurunan TDS maupun coliform namun diperlukan intensitas sinar matahari yang cukup tinggi untuk proses penguapan.ABSTRACT: Water is an important resource for the people in Gunung Kidul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Water scarcity is one of big issue in Temuireng, one of panggang’s district in the Gunung Kidul regency. There is 269 family living in this villge and every family consist of four person so there are approximately 1076 person who need the clean water. The clean water supply for this village constrained by pump power and raw water quality. Raw water quality in rainy season (high rainfall intensity) contains of E-Coli 9000 per 100 ml and total Coliform bacteri 28000 per 100 ml. Raw water quality in medium rainfall intensity season contains of total Coliform 4000 per 100 ml and raw water quality in summer season (low rainfall intensity) contains of total Coliform 400 per 100 ml, from maximum regulation 50 per 100 ml. Material absorbed in karst include organic (coliform parameter) and anorganic (TDS parameter), which related in each other, can contaminate the water. Flocculation and sedimentation using 0.5-1 ppm doses of alum, PAC and kelor are performed to purify the water. The coagulant can decrease TDS parameter from 262-288 ppm to under 200 ppm, and if this process continued with filtration (filter zeolit), it can decrease TDS parameter to under 180 ppm in 30 minute. If the process continued by filtration process (carbon filter) using kelor, it can decrease TDS parameter to under 160ppm in 30-60 minute. Using spark destilation solar energy process can decrease TDS parameter and coliform bacteria, but this process need high sunlight intensity for evaporation.

Automation of Drinking Water Treatment Systems in Rural Area

“…Technology is needed with the main goal of helping to provide clean water and ensure healthy lives (Kabisch, 2016). Ground water can be raised with appropriate (Sugiarto & Suharwanto, 2017).…”

“…One of the water treatment systems is conducted by Wiyono, Faturrahman, and Syauqiah (2017) carried out by aeration, filtration, adsorption, and disinfection. However, in this system the design of tools is less effective because the quality of the water produced does not meet the established quality standards (Sugiarto & Suharwanto, 2017). The other drinking water systems has been develop by Sugiarto and Suharwanto (2017) in Gunung Kidul.…”

“…However, in this system the design of tools is less effective because the quality of the water produced does not meet the established quality standards (Sugiarto & Suharwanto, 2017). The other drinking water systems has been develop by Sugiarto and Suharwanto (2017) in Gunung Kidul. This drinking water treatment system was developed to reduce E-coli bacteria, organic matter (coliform parameters) and inorganic materials (TDS parameters) by the process of deposition, slow sand filter, and splash distortion of solar power (Sugiarto & Suharwanto, 2017).…”

“…The other drinking water systems has been develop by Sugiarto and Suharwanto (2017) in Gunung Kidul. This drinking water treatment system was developed to reduce E-coli bacteria, organic matter (coliform parameters) and inorganic materials (TDS parameters) by the process of deposition, slow sand filter, and splash distortion of solar power (Sugiarto & Suharwanto, 2017). This treatment system can reduces TDS from 400 ppm to below 160 ppm.…”

“…Public service availability and quality remain relatively low in the rural areas, particularly in developing country (Yang, Liu, Phang, & Wei, 2020), including water treatment systems in Temuireng. In that area, the mechanisme of drinking water treatment systems still uses semi-manual work (Sugiarto & Suharwanto, 2017).The role of labor was still dominant to running the systems. In recent times, to ensure the continuous supply of good quality and safe of water, the water treatment system is equipped with automation controls (Dubey, Agarwal, Gupta, Dohare, & Upadhyaya, 2016).…”