Penicillin-resistant Aerococcus viridans Bacteremia Associated with Granulocytopenia

Uh, Young; Son, Jeong Seog; Jang, In Ho; Yoon, Kyung Joong; Hong, Suckchang

doi:10.3346/jkms.2002.17.1.113

Cited by 31 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Whether the interpretive criteria for streptococci other than S. pneumoniae or those for S. pneumoniae are valid for this genus can be questioned. Most reports describe single isolates or very small numbers of isolates, which indicates that A. viridans has various degrees of susceptibility to penicillin (10,12,15,(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). One report showed that 3 of 29 isolates were resistant (MIC of 0.25) to penicillin (11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic Description and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Aerococcus sanguinicola Isolates from Human Clinical Samples

Facklam

Lovgren²,

Shewmaker

et al. 2003

J Clin Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This report describes the clinical sources and phenotypic characterization of 16 isolates of Aerococcus sanguinicola. Sixteen conventional tests were used to describe and differentiate the 16 isolates of A. sanguinicola from 30 strains of Aerococcus viridans, 27 strains of Aerococcus urinae, and a single strain each of Aerococcus christensenii and Aerococcus urinaehominis. The phenotypic characterizations of the type strains for each species and 14 A. sanguinicola isolates were also compared in the two reference laboratories. A. sanguinicola are catalase-negative, vancomycin-susceptible, gram-positive cocci arranged in clusters and tetrads, as are all Aerococcus species except A. christensenii (which is arranged in short chains). All 16 isolates of A. sanguinicola were leucine aminopeptidase and pyrrolidonylarylamidase positive, which is unique to this species among the aerococci. All A. sanguinicola isolates grew in broth containing 6.5% NaCl, hydrolyzed hippurate, and were variable in the bile-esculin test. None of the isolates deaminated arginine or were Voges-Proskauer positive. The type strain of A. sanguinicola was isolated from a blood culture of a patient living in Denmark. Seven additional isolates were from patients living in Canada, all with urinary tract infections (six were female). Eight isolates were from patients living in five different states in the United States; five were from patients with urinary tract infections, and three were from blood cultures of one patient each with pneumonia, suspected endocarditis, and unknown clinical conditions. The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were unremarkable; all isolates tested were susceptible to penicillin, amoxicillin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, vancomycin, quinupristin-dalfopristin (Synercid), rifampin, linezolid, and tetracycline. Six of the 15 cultures were resistant to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, but all 15 strains were susceptible to sparfloxacin. High-level resistance was detected for meropenem (2 strains) and trimethoprim-sulfamethonazole (1 strain). Intermediate resistance was detected for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (10 strains) and clindamycin (3 strains).Aerococci are gram-positive cocci (GPC) that are arranged in tetrads and clusters. No chains are observed when Gram stains are prepared from growth in broth or agar cultures. Other genera that are GPC and catalase-negative that form clusters or tetrads (Alloiococcus, Dolosigranulum, Gemella, Helcococcus, Pediococcus, and Tetragenococcus) are differentiated from the Aerococcus species by a combination of phenotypic characteristics (9). Prior to 1992, only a single species, Aerococcus viridans, was included in the genus. Since 1992, four additional species have been described: Aerococcus urinae, Aerococcus sanguinicola, Aerococcus christensenii, and Aerococcus urinaehominis. Prior to the description of the new species, Aerococcus viridans was the only non-chain-forming GPC that was pyrrolidonylarylamidase (PYR) positive and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) n...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic Description and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Aerococcus sanguinicola Isolates from Human Clinical Samples

Facklam

Lovgren²,

Shewmaker

et al. 2003

J Clin Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…8 Granulocytopenia, oral mucositis, history for long-term hospitalization, previous antibiotic use, invasive procedures, and implantations have been defined as primary risk factors for A. viridans related systemic infections. 2,6,7 Although source of contamination could not be clearly determined in the present case, we can say that it is a health-carerelated infection and comorbid immunosuppressive disease have contributed to this infection since he has been receiving hemodialysis for 6 years and had undergone invasive procedure short time ago.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…12 Although some authors have reported penicillin-or multidrug-resistant A.viridans strains isolated from clinical specimens, optimal treatment of systemic infections caused by penicillin-resistant A.viridans remains unclear. 2 Approximately half of the patients with infective endocarditis undergo surgical treatment due to severe complications. 13 Each case should be evaluated individually for surgery, and all factors associated with risk enhancement should be identified at the time of diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Aerococcus viridans is a Gram-positive, catalase and oxidase negative, microaerophilic and motionless coccus, which was first defined in 1953. 2 A.viridans strains, which rarely cause infection in human, are usually susceptible against penicillin, macrolides, sulphonamides and trimethoprim. 3 Christensen et al from Denmark reported penicillin-resistant A. viridans for the first time in 1989.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Infective Endocarditis Caused by Multidrug-Resistant Aerococcus viridans: Case Report

Kurşun¹,

Turunç²,

Demıroğlu³

et al. 2015

Turkiye Klinikleri J Case Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…1 Aerococci have been isolated from the environment as well as foods 1,2 because they can cause diseases in crustaceans 3 and animals. 4 A. viridans also occasionally causes systemic infections in immunocompromised hosts, including meningitis, 5 urinary tract infections, 6 osteomyelitis, 7 septic arthritis, wound infection, 8 and, most commonly, bacteremia and endocarditis. 1,7,9e11 Risk factors for infection have not been fully identified; but, granulocytopenia, oral mucositis, prolonged hospitalization, previous treatment with antibiotics, invasive procedures, and implantation of foreign bodies have been described as the major risk factors related to A. viridans systemic infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful treatment of Aerococcus viridans endocarditis in a patient allergic to penicillin

Chen

Huang

et al. 2012

Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Penicillin-resistant Aerococcus viridans Bacteremia Associated with Granulocytopenia

Cited by 31 publications

References 16 publications

Phenotypic Description and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Aerococcus sanguinicola Isolates from Human Clinical Samples

Phenotypic Description and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Aerococcus sanguinicola Isolates from Human Clinical Samples

Infective Endocarditis Caused by Multidrug-Resistant Aerococcus viridans: Case Report

Successful treatment of Aerococcus viridans endocarditis in a patient allergic to penicillin

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About