Penser les rapports entre sciences et politique : enjeux historiographiques récents 1

Lamy, Jérôme

doi:10.4000/chrhc.242

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Some epistemologists have accurately described this new mode of scientific production (Nowotny et al, 2001), but in our opinion, they have insufficiently criticized its consequences, especially regarding the dilution of the scientific method. This work has also had a prescriptive effect (Lamy, 2007) by promoting the dependence of science on the stakeholders, whoever they may be. In a political time that can be described as 'populist' (Galston, 2017), such dynamics weaken rational discourse and encourage conspiracy theories.…”

Section: The New Era Of the Publication Marketmentioning

confidence: 99%

How has neoliberalism weakened science?

et al. 2021

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The current Covid-19 pandemic, and before that, the environmental crisis due to climate change, raise major questions about the relationship between science and society. More than ever, public opinions in OCDE countries question the legitimacy of scientists and scientific knowledge. The reasons for this fracture are obviously multiple and complex, but we believe that applying neoliberalism principles to research has contributed to it. In this article, we show how the funding of research by private institutions, staff precariousness, the ‘publish or perish’ policy have changed the way in which scientific knowledge is produced and decreased the confidence of citizens regarding scientific output. We believe it is high time to launch a wide debate on these issues within the scientific community. We should take advantage of both the climate and the health crises to put fundamental scientific issues and the role of scientists in society back on the table, so that science as a social activity (production and diffusion) is taken back into the hands of scientists in public institutions where conflicts with private interests are limited.

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Section: The New Era Of the Publication Marketmentioning

confidence: 99%

How has neoliberalism weakened science?

et al. 2021

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“…These knowledge systems embrace multidisciplinary research as described by the authors of The New Production of Knowledge (1994), who explained the role of alliances, exchanges and negotiations in more informal and constantly changing scientific contexts. According to them, this collective mode of knowledge production characterizes the post Second World War period, dominated by transdisciplinarity (Gibbons et al, 1994, in Lamy, 2007. "Research groups are less firmly institutionalised; people come together in temporary works teams and networks which dissolve when a problem is solved or redefined" (Ibid.).…”

Section: Bridging Scales Within a Knowledge Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This stage is about building an alliance system able to impose and stabilize the identity of others, cutting off, if necessary, formerly established relations between stakeholders. The incentive is the interpretation of the issue given by those who establish the facts, and their interests as well as those of the residents they recruit in the construction of the network (Lamy, 2007). The goal of this stage is to strengthen the bonds and motivation of the actors vis-à-vis the issue.…”

Section: Incentivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Let us first recall that if ANT absolutely refuses to decide a priori on issues of scientific relevance, it has nevertheless provided opportunities for the development of analysis tools in the technical, scientific, social, economic and political spheres (Lamy, 2007). ANT provides a foothold into complex terrain and a variety of fields (sociology, science, geography, politics, economics, etc.).…”

Section: The Possibilities Offered By Antmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Guelph Water connection: The contribution of Actor-Network Theory (ANT) to the study of water management in Guelph, Ontario

Gravel

Koné

2018

cgq

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The application of Actor-Network Theory (ANT) to the case of water management in the municipality of Guelph, Ontario, located at the periphery of Toronto, highlights the interactions between the multiple water actors in Canada who, while organised as an informal network, build knowledge together on “blue” and resilient cities. It provides a cross-cutting look at water resource co-management and the process of multiscalar public policy development by considering exchanges and negotiations between administrative bodies, the pan-Canadian water network and the organized local civil society. The water soft path approach has federated the actors of the network who share/build ideas together about sustainable municipal water management. The study of the water nexus in Guelph, of its territoriality and its history, allows for a better understanding of how and why a conservationist culture embracing the principles of “green living” has developed in Guelph and why it has become a centre for water innovation in Canada.

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“…Nous n'abordons pas ici les nombreuses apories qui accompagnent la faiblesse de ce genre de découpage historique, à l'instar de la théorie des mode1/mode2 de la science. A ce propos, voir :(Lamy, 2007).Document téléchargé depuis www.cairn.info -AP-HP --164.2.255.244 -24/11/2017 17h12. © ESKA Document téléchargé depuis www.cairn.info -AP-HP --164.2.255.244 -24/11/2017 17h12.…”

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Chapitre 7. Big data ou l’illusion d’une synthèse par agrégation. Une critique épistémologique, éthique et politique

Coutellec¹,

Weil‐Dubuc²

2017

Journal International De Bioéthique Et d'Éthique Des Sciences

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In this article, we propose a critical approach to the big data phenomenon by deconstructing the methodological principle that structures its logic : the principle of aggregation. Our hypothesis is upstream of the critics who make the use of big data a new mode of government. Aggregation, as a mode of processing the heterogeneity of data, structures the thinking big data, it is its very logic. Fragmentation in order to better aggregate, to aggregate to better fragment, a dialectic based on a presumption of generalized aggregability and on the claim to make aggregation the preferred route for the production of new syntheses. We proceed in three steps to deconstruct this idea and undo the claim of aggregation to assert itself as a new way to produce knowledge, as a new synthesis of identity and finally as a new model of solidarity. Each time we show that these attempts at aggregation fail to produce their objects : no knowledge, no identity, no solidarity can result from a process of amalgamation. In all three cases, aggregation is always accompanied by a moment of fragmentation whose dissociation, dislocation and separation are different figures. The bet we are making then is to make hesitate what presents itself as a new way of thinking man and the world.

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Penser les rapports entre sciences et politique : enjeux historiographiques récents 1

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

How has neoliberalism weakened science?

How has neoliberalism weakened science?

The Guelph Water connection: The contribution of Actor-Network Theory (ANT) to the study of water management in Guelph, Ontario

Chapitre 7. Big data ou l’illusion d’une synthèse par agrégation. Une critique épistémologique, éthique et politique

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