“…This can inhibit the oxidation of wine constituents, including phenolics, certain metals, tyrosine, and aldehydes, during the winemaking process, while retaining the sensory and nutritional value of wine. Furthermore, as previously reported, adding COS-based materials can reduce the concentrations of metals, such as boron, lead, mercury, and antimony, and that of ochratoxin A in process water [24][25][26][27], which can markedly improve wine quality. Therefore, in this study, COS was applied as an alternative to SO 2 in winemaking, and the antimicrobial activity of COS during winemaking was investigated using our own separated contaminated organisms and known wine spoilage organisms in comparison with the action of SO 2 .…”