Peran Belanja Modal Pemerintah Dan Investasi Pembangunan Manusia Dalam Mengurangi Tingkat Kemiskinan Di Indonesia

Abstract

Poverty is a measure of socio-economic conditions in assessing the success of development undertaken by a government in a region. There are many negative impacts resulted from poverty, among others, social and economic problems. People who live in poverty usually suffer from malnutrition, poor health, high illiteracy rates, are in poor environment and in lack of access to infrastructure and adequate public services. The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of human development and government capital expenditure on reducing poverty in Indonesia. The model was estimated by using 2SLS method. Several simulations was also conducted to look at the impact of the allocations of government expenditure on health, education and government capital expenditure on reducing poverty. The results showed that government capital expenditure and human development have significant impacts on reducing poverty in Indonesia with government expenditure on education gives the greatest impact. Keywords: Capital, Expenditure, Government, Human Development, Poverty

The Analysis of Influence of The Government Expenditure on Poverty in Indonesia

“…This finding supports the opinion expressed which in their writings state that government expenditure and poverty have a negative relationship if these expenditures are development paths such as the construction of social facilities, public goods, infrastructure, additional capital costs, health, and education. Also, the results of this study have similarities with the results of the study (Mustaqimah et al. 2018) with the title of the journal "The Role of Government Capital Expenditure and Human Development Investment in Reducing Poverty Levels in Indonesia" which concluded that government expenditure policies through mandatory expenditure matters education and health have a positive impact on poverty reduction.…”

Determinants of Poverty In Indonesia

“…This study found out that unemployment and education are not significant on the poverty level variable on the island of Java. Mustaqimah, and Hartoyo, (2017) researched the impact of human development and government capital expenditure on reducing Indonesia's poverty. The model was estimated using the 2SLS method.…”

Pengaruh Keluhan Kesehatan terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia Di Provinsi Jawa Timur

“…Data jumlah penduduk miskin berasal dari data Susenas dalam Modul Konsumsi dan Pengeluaran. Seperti halnya pada kemiskinan yang dikemukakan Mustaqimah et al (2017) bahwa kemiskinan absolut merupakan suatu keadaan dari kebutuhan minimum untuk bertahan hidup yang tidak dapat terpenuhi dengan pendapatan yang dimiliki seseorang atau suatu keluarga.…”

“…Hal tersebut dapat ditunjukkan oleh indikator besar alokasi belanja. Selain itu, Mustaqimah et al (2017) mengemukakan besarnya pengeluaran pemerintah menjadi ukuran seberapa besar perhatian dari pemerintah terhadap usaha pengembangan kualitas sumber daya manusia. Sama halnya dengan Guritno (1993) bahwa pengeluaran pemerintah merupakan suatu nilai pembelanjaan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah setempat dan digunakan untuk kepentingan masyarakat.…”

“…Hal tersebut didasarkan pada layanan pendidikan dan kesehatan yang dapat dijangkau oleh semua elemen masyarakat serta didukung oleh bantuan pangan. Menurut Mustaqimah et al (2017) pengeluaran pemerintah menjadi ukuran seberapa besar perhatian pemerintah pada usaha pengembangan kualitas sumber daya manusia. Implikasinya dengan penelitian ini artinya, ketika Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Jawa Timur ingin menaikan indeks pembangaun manusia maka diperlukan perencaan anggaran pengeluaran daerah yang direalisasikan melalui program-program tepat sasaran.…”