“…With this aspect, it will be a better understanding to see department heads not as professionals but as a part of the teaching staff in addition to all responsibilities. It is possible to find various studies on the leadership behaviors of deans (Beck-Frazier, White & McFadden, 2007;Parker, 2014) and department heads (Bellibaş, Özaslan, Gümüş, & Gümüş, 2016;Bryman, 2007;Dimici, Seggie, Hacıfazlıoğlu, & Caner, 2016) in the field. However, it seems that there is a gap in the research about the direct instructional leadership behaviors of department heads.…”