Perceived duration of visual motion increases with speed

Kaneko, Sae; Murakami, Ikuya

doi:10.1167/9.7.14

Cited by 159 publications

(219 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

192

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, the impact of effort on perceived duration need not be experiential, as stimuli that allude to motion, action, or exertion also elongate perceived durations. For example, faster moving non-biological stimuli are perceived to last longer than slower moving stimuli (Brown, 1995;Kaneko & Murakami, 2009), and the perceived duration of images of ballet dancer statues are lengthened when the poses reflected greater levels of exertion (Nather, Bueno, Bigand & Droit-Volet, 2011). The elongation of subjective time as a result of effort are also found for mental activity.…”

Section: Effort Disrupts Implicit Agencymentioning

confidence: 98%

Physical and mental effort disrupts the implicit sense of agency

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We investigated the effect of effort on implicit agency ascription for actions performed under varying levels of physical effort or cognitive load. People are able to estimate the interval between two events accurately, but they underestimate the interval between their own actions and their outcomes. This effect is known as 'intentional binding', and may provide feedback regarding the consequences of our actions. Concurrently with the interval reproduction task, our participants pulled sports resistance bands at high and low resistance levels (Experiments 1 and 2), or performed a working memory task with high and low set-sizes (Experiment 3).Intentional binding was greater under low than high effort. When the effort was task-related (Experiment 1), this effect depended on the individual's explicit appraisal of exertion, while the effect of effort was evident at the group level when the effort was task-unrelated (physical, Experiment 2; mental, Experiment 3). These findings imply that the process of intentional binding is compromised when cognitive resources are depleted, either through physical or mental strain. We discuss this notion in relation to the integration of direct sensorimotor feedback with signals of agency and other instances of cognitive resource depletion and action control during strain.Keywords: Sense of agency, temporal binding, intentional binding, experience of effort, time perception. EFFORT DISRUPTS IMPLICIT AGENCY 3 Physical and mental effort disrupts the implicit sense of agencyIt is important that the human motor system can efficiently process events which are the result of its own actions, and to discriminate these from events in the world for which it is not responsible. For instance, if I kick a ball and it knocks over and smashes a vase of flowers, I know my action of kicking the ball was responsible for the vase smashing. Selfauthored events like this tend to be easy to identify and this feeling that 'I did it' is known as a sense of agency. Some actions are more effortful than others; kicking a ball as hard as one can might break a vase, but so might brushing one's arm against it as one walks past it precariously positioned near the edge of a table. Both these actions have the same outcome, but might require the action monitoring system to respond differently in order to correctly ascribe agency. Here, we tested the role of physical and mental effort on the ascription of sense of agency, using an implicit measure.

show abstract

Section: Effort Disrupts Implicit Agencymentioning

confidence: 98%

Physical and mental effort disrupts the implicit sense of agency

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The idea that the rate of accumulation is greater for slower-moving stimuli is perhaps counter-intuitive, and runs against the typical assertion that faster stimuli seem to last longer (Beckmann & Young, 2009;S. W. Brown, 1995;Kaneko & Murakami, 2009). However, there is some evidence that the relationship between speed and perceived duration is not uniformly positive (Predebon, 2002).…”

Section: The Effects Of Changes In Speed On Judgements Of Durationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Stimulus speed has been argued to affect the pacemaker, with faster speeds producing higher accumulation rates and longer subjective time (Kaneko & Murakami, 2009). …”

Section: Time Winding Down: How Do Changes In Speed Affect the Percepmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 6b shows the results when accumulation rate is a logarithmic function of speed; other non-linear functions would serve as well, but there is some indication that a logarithmic function is a sensible choice. (In a recent study, Kaneko and Murakami (2009) examined the perceived duration of Gabor patches with a moving Speed changes and time perception 18 carrier and reported a logarithmic relationship between speed and subjective time.) In the figure, the relationship between accumulation rate and stimulus speed was modelled by r = 100 + 100*ln(1+s), where r is the rate of accumulation, s is speed, and the extra constants were arbitrarily chosen to ensure that the accumulation always has a reasonably high non-zero rate and to avoid taking the logarithm of zero for stationary stimuli.…”

Section: The Effects Of Changes In Speed On Judgements Of Durationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

How do changes in speed affect the perception of duration?

Matthews¹

2011

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Six experiments investigated how changes in stimulus speed influence subjective duration. Participants saw rotating or translating shapes in three conditions: constant speed, accelerating motion, and decelerating motion. The distance moved and average speed were the same in all three conditions. In temporal judgment tasks, the constant-speed objects seemed to last longer than the decelerating objects, which in turn seemed to last longer than the accelerating stimuli. In temporal reproduction tasks, the difference between accelerating and decelerating stimuli disappeared; furthermore, watching an accelerating shape lengthened the apparent duration of the subsequent (static) display. These results (a) suggest that temporal judgment and reproduction can dissociate for moving stimuli because the stimulus influences the apparent duration of the subsequent interval, and (b) constrain theories of time perception, including those which emphasize memory storage, those which emphasize the existence of a pacemakeraccumulator timing system, and those which emphasize the division of attention between temporal and non-temporal information processing.

show abstract

“…Several studies have shown that a moving stimulus is perceived to last longer in duration than a slower or stationary stimulus of the same physical duration, a phenomenon referred to as subjective time dilation (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). Some researchers proposed that this subjective time dilation effect might reflect a result of long-term evolutionary adaptation (6,10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Life motion signals lengthen perceived temporal duration

Wang

Jiang

2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Point-light biological motions, conveying various different attributes of biological entities, have particular spatiotemporal properties that enable them to be processed with remarkable efficiency in the human visual system. Here we demonstrate that such signals automatically lengthen their perceived temporal duration independent of global configuration and without observers' subjective awareness of their biological nature. By using a duration discrimination paradigm, we showed that an upright biological motion sequence was perceived significantly longer than an inverted but otherwise identical sequence of the same duration. Furthermore, this temporal dilation effect could be extended to spatially scrambled biological motion signals, whose global configurations were completely disrupted, regardless of whether observers were aware of the nature of the stimuli. However, such an effect completely disappeared when critical biological characteristics were removed. Taken together, our findings suggest a special mechanism of time perception tuned to life motion signals and shed new light on the temporal encoding of biological motion.point-light walker | temporal expansion | psychometric function O ur senses not only enable our brain to perceive images and sounds, but they also inform us about the passage of time. Time perception over fine scales is fundamental to a range of everyday human activities (for example, to estimate how fast you need to run to catch a ball), and we seem to be able to accurately estimate time as if there exists a specific mechanism that can measure time (e.g., an internal clock; refs. 1, 2). Although it seems quite natural, perceiving time is an extremely complex phenomenon that involves a number of unresolved issues in psychology, and we are far from completely understanding its underlying mechanisms. It has been shown that there is not a specific sensory organ designed to tell time and our representations of subjective temporal duration vary in response to variations of external sensory inputs (reviewed in ref.3).Stimulus motion is thought of as a crucial property that can modulate and alter our perception of time. Several studies have shown that a moving stimulus is perceived to last longer in duration than a slower or stationary stimulus of the same physical duration, a phenomenon referred to as subjective time dilation (4-9). Some researchers proposed that this subjective time dilation effect might reflect a result of long-term evolutionary adaptation (6, 10). By lengthening the subjective duration of those moving and important stimuli and thus enhancing their temporal resolution, observers may be able to process such signals in greater depth per unit of objective time (11), which potentially provides an ecological advantage allowing living organisms to anticipate events or actions and to better adapt themselves to the environment (6). Although the underlying mechanism of the time distortion induced by motion has often been speculated from a point of evolutionary view, all these studies us...

show abstract

Perceived duration of visual motion increases with speed

Cited by 159 publications

References 29 publications

Physical and mental effort disrupts the implicit sense of agency

Physical and mental effort disrupts the implicit sense of agency

How do changes in speed affect the perception of duration?

Life motion signals lengthen perceived temporal duration

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About