Background
Fatigue and physical inactivity, critical problems facing cancer survivors, impact overall health and functioning. Our group designed a novel methodology to evaluate the temporal, dynamic patterns in real world settings.
Objective
Using real-time technology, describe and compare the temporal, dynamic relationship between real-time fatigue and free-living in cancer survivors who were treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (n = 25) and age- and gender-matched healthy controls (n = 25).
Methods
Subjects wore wrist actigraphs on their non-dominant hand to assess free-living physical activity, measured in one-minute epochs, over seven days. Subjects entered real-time fatigue assessments directly into the subjective event marker of the actigraph five times per day. Running averages of mean one-minute activity counts 30, 60, and 120 minutes before and after each real-time fatigue score were correlated with real-time fatigue using generalized estimating equations,
Results
A strong inverse relationship exists between real-time fatigue and subsequent free-living physical activity. This inverse relationship suggests that increasing real-time fatigue limits subsequent physical activity (B range= −.002 to −.004; p<.001). No significant differences in the dynamic patterns of real-time fatigue and free-living physical activity were found between groups.
Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first study to document the temporal and potentially causal relationship between real-time fatigue and free-living physical activity in real-world setting. These findings suggest that fatigue drives the subsequent physical activity and the relationship may not be bi-directional.
Implications for Practice
Understanding the temporal, dynamic relationship may have important health implications for developing interventions to address fatigue in cancer survivors.