Perceived male sex orientation and beliefs about rape

Bunting, Alyce B.; Reeves, Joy B.

doi:10.1080/01639625.1983.9967618

Cited by 31 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Some were loaded with more cognitive than affective items (Costin, 1985;Dull & Giacopassi, 1987;Feild, 1978;Larsen & Long, 1988;Sandberg et al, 1987;Ward, 1988), whereas others were more affectively laden (Bunting & Reeves, 1983;Burt, 1980;Gilmartin-Zena, 1987;Weidner & Griffitt, 1983). However, level of endorsement of affective and cognitive items differed significantly for the scales for which data were available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Examination of the Attitudes Underlying Sexual Coercion Among Acquaintances

White

Donat

Humphrey

1996

Journal of Psychology & Human Sexuality

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Abstract:Analyses of rape-supportive attitudes, with few exceptions, have not included conceptual or operational definitions of attitudes, and analysts have not explicitly examined the affective, cognitive, and behavioral components of attitudes toward rape. The purposes of the present article are to (a) use a social psychological framework for the analysis of attitudes toward rape and (b) examine the usefulness of distinguishing between the affective and cognitive components of attitudes toward rape. Three studies are presented. In Study 1, items from 14 published attitudes-toward-rape scales were categorized as affective, cognitive, or behavioral. Results revealed that 1.1% of the items were identified as behavioral; 52.2% of the items were categorized as cognitive and 46.7% as affective. Secondary analyses of published data revealed the respondents reported more disagreement with affectively-based rape attitude items than cognitively-based rape attitude items. In Study 2, we further examined the distinction between affective and cognitive components of attitudes using Burt's (1980) Rape Myth Acceptance Scale. Data collected from college men confirmed the affective-cognitive distinction. Furthermore, affectively-based attitudes, but not cognitively-based attitudes, were correlated with level of selfreported sexual coercion. In Study 3, we compared affective and cognitive components using a factoranalytically derived attitude measure. These analyses replicated the findings from Study 2. Together, these results support the importance of attending to the separate components of attitudes. In particular, the affective component of attitudes toward rape may have more predictive utility than the cognitive component.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Examination of the Attitudes Underlying Sexual Coercion Among Acquaintances

White

Donat

Humphrey

1996

Journal of Psychology & Human Sexuality

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“…Among sexually active males, those holding traditional attitudes about masculinity said they were less likely to use a condom with a hypothetical future partner (Pleck, Sonenstein, & Ku, 1990). Masculinity attitudes also predict males' use of psychological violence in dating relationships (Thompson, 1990) and endorsement of myths about rape (Bunting & Reeves, 1983). The contribution of these studies is their demonstration that particular male behaviors can be a function of males' beliefs about masculinity, as opposed to males' possessing masculine gender role orientation or traits as other research has investigated.…”

Section: Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Masculinity Ideology: Its Impact on Adolescent Males' Heterosexual Relationships

Pleck

Sonenstein

1993

Journal of Social Issues

404

313

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This paper calls attention to the impact of masculinity ideology, an aspect of gender‐related attitudes, on adolescent males' heterosexual relationships. Previous approaches to the male gender role and close relationships, and attitudes toward the male gender role (the operationalization of masculinity ideology), are briefly reviewed. Data from the 1988 National Survey of Adolescent Males are reported. With sociodemographic and personal background factors controlled, males who hold traditional attitudes toward masculinity indicate having more sexual partners in the last year, a less intimate relationship at last intercourse with the current partner, and greater belief that relationships between women and men are adversarial—characteristics suggesting less intimacy in their heterosexual relationships. They also report less consistent use of condoms, specific attitudes about condoms associated with low condom use, less belief in male responsibility to prevent pregnancy, and greater belief that pregnancy validates masculinity. These associations persist when more global gender role attitudes are controlled. Traditional masculinity ideology is thus associated with characteristics suggesting limitations in the quality of adolescent males' close heterosexual relationships, and increased risk of unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases, including AIDS.

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“…For examples of rape myths and more thorough reviews of the rape myth literature, seeBrownmiller (1975);Bunting and Reeves (1983);Dull and Giacopassi (1987);Feild (1978); Gilmartin-Zena (1988); Larsen and Long (1988);Schwendinger and Schwendinger (1974);Ward (1988); andWarshaw (1988).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%