Percepção entomológica de alunos do ensino médio em escolas da cidade de Patos, Paraíba, Brasil

Abstract

Resumo: Os insetos são responsáveis por importantes atividades para o homem e os ecossistemas. No entanto, eles geralmente são associados principalmente aos danos ou prejuízos causados ao homem. O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar a percepção entomológica de alunos do ensino médio da cidade de Patos, Paraíba. Para isso foram aplicados questionários semiestruturados contendo questões sobre os insetos, durante o mês de agosto de 2012. Foram entrevistados 316 alunos, sendo 190 de escolas particulares e 126 de públicas. Do total de entrevistados 62,4% foram do sexo feminino e 37,5% masculino. 56,3% responderam acertadamente que os insetos pertencem ao filo Arthropoda, 37% que possuem 3 pares de pernas e 78,2% que podem ser reconhecidos pelo número de pernas, pela presença de antenas e de olhos. Para 82,6% dos entrevistados os insetos possuem importância positiva e negativa. Alimento para outros seres vivos e transmissão de doenças as mais assinaladas com 20,3% e 25,8% respectivamente. Dos animais percebidos como insetos os mais citados foram besouro, mosquito e barata, sendo aranha o animal mais confundido e assinalado como inseto. Observou-se que o tipo de didática adotada em sala de aula pelos professores não tem tido muito sucesso na fixação desse conteúdo pelos alunos. Palavras-chave: Insetos, etnoentomologia, artrópodes, aprendizado.Abstract: Insects are responsible for important activities for humans and ecosystems. However, they are usually associated mainly to the damages or losses caused to humans. The aim of this study was to analyze the entomological perception of High school students from the city of Patos, Paraiba. For this semi-structured questionnaires containing questions about insects were applied, during the month of August 2012. 316 students were interviewed, being 190 from private schools and 126 from public schools. From the total respondents 62.4% were female and 37.5% male. 56.3% correctly answered that insects belong to the phylum Arthropoda, 37% having three pairs of legs and 78.2% that can be recognized by the number of legs, by the presence of antennae and eyes. For 82.6% of respondents insects have positive and negative significance. Food for other living beings and transmission of diseases the most marked with 20.3% and 25.8% respectively. From the animals perceived as insects the most mentioned were beetle, mosquitoes and cockroaches, being the spider the animal which was most mistaken and reported as insect. It was noted that the type of didactic adopted in the classroom by teachers has not had much success in fixing of this subject by the students.

A methodological proposal for the use of short stories regarding the biocultural memory as a pedagogical tool

“…Considering this exposed scenario and the context of the rich biocultural biodiversity on a global scale, we consider that narratives related to ethnobiology could be better applied if they are included in the educational context as a pedagogical tool. In this way, a sum of research from around the world has shown that students are entities with an opulent and varied knowledge about nature and its elements, such as medicinal plants (Strgar et al 2013, Bruyere et al 2016, Alves et al 2017, Santos & Campos 2019, fungi (Oliveira et al 2016, Silva 2019, climate change (Pitpitunge 2013, Dewi & Khoirunisa 2018, fish (Sampaio et al 2006, Araújo et al 2011, insects (López et al 2007, Guedes et al 2016, biomes (Souza & Silva 2017, Borges & Simião-Ferreira 2018, snakes (Alves et al 2014), birds (Ortiz et al 2018), amphibians (Oliveira & Silva-Santana 2015), mammals (Kubiatko & Prokop 2009), among other elements of natural resources.…”