Perception of strong social norms during the COVID-19 pandemic is linked to positive psychological outcomes

Liu, Shuang; Zhu, Jiajia; Liu, Yutong; Wilbanks, Danica; Jackson, Joshua Conrad; Yan, M.

doi:10.1186/s12889-022-13744-2

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Additionally, the heavy focus on health in most risk communication on COVID from governmental authorities could be seen as reducing the "totality" of the total social fact, because there is not strong focus on it cutting across multiple domains of everyday life. Furthermore, thinking government communication is good quality could foster social norms to support mitigative actions (29), but social norms and trust in information sources have also been shown to decrease certain risk perceptions about COVID (67). The mediated indirect reduction in risk mitigation behaviours highlights the importance of providing attention in risk communication to risks other than solely health risks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satisfaction With Governmental Risk Communication Both Increases and Decreases COVID-19 Mitigation Behaviours

Evensen¹,

Warren

Bouder³

2023

Int J Public Health

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Objectives: Over 3 years of the COVID-19 pandemic, and intense societal and governmental response, a wealth of research has examined risk perceptions and public risk mitigation behaviours. The vast majority of this inquiry has focused on health risks. Nevertheless, as a “total social fact” influencing nearly every aspect of quotidian life, the pandemic engenders a wide range of risk perceptions.Methods:Via a survey (N = 4,206) of representative samples of the general public in five European countries (Germany, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom), we explore perceptions of a range of personal/public health, economic, and societal risks. We also investigate the effects of perceptions of official governmental risk communication in one’s country on risk perceptions and risk mitigation behaviours.Results: Structural equation modelling reveals that whilst perceptions of effective risk communication directly increase behaviours that mitigate COVID-19 health risks, these same perceptions indirectly decrease behaviour frequency via a mediated relationship with societal risk perceptions.Conclusion: The findings highlight the import of governmental authorities analysing and communicating about the range of risk perceptions citizens might have about a “total social fact” such as COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satisfaction With Governmental Risk Communication Both Increases and Decreases COVID-19 Mitigation Behaviours

Evensen¹,

Warren

Bouder³

2023

Int J Public Health

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“…For example, Dong et al demonstrated that cultural tightness relieves people’s psychological disorders [ 39 ]. Liu et al found that a perceived tighter culture is related to positive psychological outcomes, such as lower pressure, positive emotions, higher trust, and more confidence in combating COVID-19 [ 40 ]. Baldner et al further revealed that the desire for cultural tightness is associated with an increase in individuals’ emotional reactions to noncompliance with preventive measures against COVID-19 [ 41 ].…”

Section: Theoretical Framework and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking Cultural Tightness, Components of Norm Activation and COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors among University Students: Evidence from Beijing, China

Zou

Liu

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has imposed greater challenges and more stringent requirements on higher education institutions (HEIs). However, limited empirical research has been devoted to identifying external and internal factors that may promote individual preventive behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic within the higher education context. This study proposed and examined an extended norm activation model (NAM) concerning the relationships among cultural tightness, original NAM components, and COVID-19 preventive behaviors. An online survey was conducted with a sample of 3693 university students from 18 universities in Beijing, China. The results showed that cultural tightness was positively associated with respondents’ COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Three original NAM variables, namely, awareness of consequences, the ascription of responsibility, and personal norms, played a chain mediating role in the relationship between cultural tightness and COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Theoretical and practical implications regarding the findings of this study and suggestions for future research are discussed.

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“… Oh (2022) found that the factor loading of a reversed-scoring item in the CTLS was low when used with a Korean population, and that after removing this item, the scale reliability was only 0.67. In another study assessing cultural tightness–looseness amongst Chinese participants, Liu et al (2022) reported a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.68 for two items of the CTLS. This demonstrates the need to revise CLTS and modify it to be suitable for measuring the cultural tightness–looseness in China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the Chinese Cultural Tightness–Looseness Scale and General Tightness–Looseness Scale

Leng

et al. 2023

Front. Psychol.

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IntroductionThis study aims to revise the Cultural Tightness–Looseness Scale (CTLS) and General Tightness–Looseness Scale (GTLS), and explore the group heterogeneity of tightness–looseness perception in Chinese populations.MethodsSample 1 (n = 2,388) was used for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis, and sample 2 (n = 2,385) was used for confirmatory factor analysis and latent profile analysis. Sample 3 (n = 512) was used for the reliability test and criterion validity test, among which 162 participants were used for the test–retest reliability examination after a four-week interval. Measurements included the CTLS, GTLS, International Personality Item Pool, Personal Need for Structure Scale, and Campbell Index of Well-Being.ResultsThe revised CTLS contained four items and retained a single-dimensional structure. The revised GTLS consisted of eight items divided into two dimensions: Compliance with Norms and Social Sanctions. Latent profile analysis extracted two profiles on both CTLS and GTLS scores, indicating that the sample can be divided into two subgroups: high and low perception of tightness.DiscussionThe Chinese versions of the CTLS and GTLS can be used as valid and reliable measures of tightness–looseness perception in a Chinese population.

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Perception of strong social norms during the COVID-19 pandemic is linked to positive psychological outcomes

Cited by 16 publications

References 50 publications

Satisfaction With Governmental Risk Communication Both Increases and Decreases COVID-19 Mitigation Behaviours

Satisfaction With Governmental Risk Communication Both Increases and Decreases COVID-19 Mitigation Behaviours

Linking Cultural Tightness, Components of Norm Activation and COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors among University Students: Evidence from Beijing, China

Validation of the Chinese Cultural Tightness–Looseness Scale and General Tightness–Looseness Scale

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