Perception of Ultrasound Haptic Focal Point Motion

Freeman, Euan; Wilson, Graham

doi:10.1145/3462244.3479950

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…However, in the 50 Hz conditions, both receptors are likely to be stimulated due to the rate at which focal points pass over receptors. Meissner Corpuscles create a 'fluttering' sensation that may feel rougher than the continuous vibrations felt at higher frequencies [1,15]. Independently, rendering frequency and parametric audio effects can be an effective way of altering the perceived roughness of an ultrasound haptic pattern.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lines and circles are widely used in mid-air haptic perception studies [14,15,17,18,22,48,49], as rendering them is easy through focal point motion. Ablart et al [1] studied perceived properties of circles, finding that roughness was affected by rendering frequency.…”

Section: Background 21 Ultrasound Haptic Feedbackmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultrasound focal points are the basic unit from which mid-air haptic feedback is created. Numerous rendering techniques have been developed to use focal points for complex haptic feedback designs: e.g., for 2D and 3D shapes [20,28,30], movement [15,50], complex surfaces [4,12] and affective experiences [1,2,36]. These haptic sensations have been used in a broad range of application areas, as discussed in a recent survey of the technology [42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancing Ultrasound Haptics with Parametric Audio Effects

Freeman

2021

Proceedings of the 2021 International Conference on Multimodal Interaction

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Ultrasound haptic devices can create parametric audio as well as contactless haptic feedback. We investigate if multimodal output from these devices can influence the perception of haptic feedback. We used a magnitude estimation experiment to evaluate perceived roughness of an ultrasound haptic pattern. We found that white noise audio from the haptics device increased perceived roughness and pure tones did not, and that lower rendering frequencies may increase perceived roughness. Our results show that multimodal output has the potential to expand the range of sensations that can be presented by an ultrasound haptic device, paving the way to richer mid-air haptic interfaces. CCS CONCEPTS• Human-centered computing → Haptic devices; Sound-based input / output; Auditory feedback.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background 21 Ultrasound Haptic Feedbackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancing Ultrasound Haptics with Parametric Audio Effects

Freeman

2021

Proceedings of the 2021 International Conference on Multimodal Interaction

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“…Freeman et. al detail some of the relationships between these parameters in their work on focal point motion [5].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gap Detection in Pairs of Ultrasound Mid-air Vibrotactile Stimuli

Howard

Driller

Frier

et al. 2023

ACM Trans. Appl. Percept.

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Ultrasound mid-air haptic (UMH) devices are a novel tool for haptic feedback, capable of providing localized vibrotactile stimuli to users at a distance. UMH applications largely rely on generating tactile shape outlines on the users’ skin. Here, we investigate how to achieve sensations of continuity or gaps within such 2D curves by studying the perception of pairs of amplitude-modulated (AM) focused ultrasound stimuli. On the one hand, we aim to investigate perceptual effects which may arise from providing simultaneous UMH stimuli. On the other, we wish to provide perception-based rendering guidelines for generating continuous or discontinuous sensations of tactile shapes. Finally, we hope to contribute towards a measure of the perceptually achievable resolution of UMH interfaces. We performed a user study to identify how far apart two focal points need to be in order to elicit a perceptual experience of two distinct stimuli separated by a gap. Mean gap detection thresholds were found at 32.3mm spacing between focal points, but a high within- and between-subject variability was observed. Pairs spaced below 15mm were consistently (>95%) perceived as a single stimulus, while pairs spaced 45mm apart were consistently (84%) perceived as two separate stimuli. To investigate the observed variability, we resort to acoustic simulations of the resulting pressure fields. These show a non-linear evolution of actual peak pressure spacing as a function of nominal focal point spacing. Beyond an initial threshold in spacing (between 15mm and 18mm), which we believe to be related to the perceived size of a focal point, the probability of detecting a gap between focal points appears to linearly increase with spacing. Our work highlights physical interactions and perceptual effects to consider when designing or investigating the perception of UMH shapes.

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“…However, vibration also can be used to encode information. Structured vibrations can manipulate properties like frequency, amplitude and rhythm to encode and convey a variety of data dimensions [5,6,19,20,24,25], including multidimensional mappings [7].…”

Section: Data-vibration Mappingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Effect of Polarity in Auditory and Vibrotactile Displays Under Cognitive Load

Ferguson

Freeman

Brewster

2021

Proceedings of the 2021 International Conference on Multimodal Interaction

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When users are undertaking mentally demanding visuals tasks, it can be beneficial to convey information through the auditory or tactile modality instead. A fundamental problem when mapping information to sound or vibration is establishing which polarity the mapping should use. Magnitude estimation is a popular method of establishing polarity preferences, however the effectiveness of this approach remains unclear, especially in more ecologically valid contexts. We investigate what impact the polarity of a data-sound or data-vibration mapping has on how well users can interpret these mappings, under two different levels of mental workload. Our results show that polarity does not affect error rate or cognitive workload, although may affect response time. We also found that induced cognitive load may influence usability. An implication of this is that commonly used methods of establishing data mappings need to be revisited, with cognitive load in mind, to help designers create more usable auditory and vibrotactile displays. CCS CONCEPTS• Human-centered computing → Auditory feedback; Haptic devices.

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Perception of Ultrasound Haptic Focal Point Motion

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

Enhancing Ultrasound Haptics with Parametric Audio Effects

Enhancing Ultrasound Haptics with Parametric Audio Effects

Gap Detection in Pairs of Ultrasound Mid-air Vibrotactile Stimuli

Investigating the Effect of Polarity in Auditory and Vibrotactile Displays Under Cognitive Load

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