Perceptions and attitudes of community pharmacists toward professional ethics and ethical dilemmas in the workplace

Rodríguez, Jadranka Vuković; Juričić, Živka

doi:10.1016/j.sapharm.2017.05.010

Cited by 32 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Al-Arifi (2014) stated commercial concerns and financial conditions are influential in selling OTC products by pharmacists, and sometimes this situation may cause some ethical problems in community pharmacies [8]. Rodrigues and Juricic (2017) pointed out the reasons of frequently encountered ethical problems in community pharmacies as dispensing prescribed medicine without a prescription or with an incorrect prescription, dispensing controlled drugs or emergency hormonal contraception, refusing to dispense medicines, lack of professional autonomy, and financial pressure [9]. In this study, it can be seen that the averages of items under the financial and legal pressure factor generally changed between 2.50 to 3.50.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When medication-related adviser role of community pharmacists are taken into consideration, it can be seen that pharmacists are trustable consultants for over the counter drugs (OTCs) [4][5][6][7]. Additionally, in the literature, it is pointed out that some ethical issues may occur at the presenting of OTC products [8,9]. In this regard, this study aims to determine the perceptions of community pharmacists about professional ethics through a sample case including an ethical problem about presenting an OTC product.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of factors affecting ethical decision-making process of community pharmacists in professional life

Arslan¹,

Tarhan²,

Kalender³

et al. 2018

jrp

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Ethics is defined as questioning the practice of moral standards and whether moral standards are logical or not. The struggle to determine the rules that should be followed by those who demonstrate activities in a particular field and the ethical principles of practice that is specific to it reveal the concept of professional ethics. The principles of professional ethics, is very important for a profession, have become more attractive in the field of pharmacy as it is in every field. In this regard, pharmacists need to consider the professional ethical principles in relation to their patients, colleagues or other employees. This study aims to determine the perceptions of community pharmacists about professional ethics through a sample case can be encountered in a pharmacy. In this context, the prepared questionnaire, consists of 24 questions, was conducted to randomly select 150 community pharmacists face to face in Ankara. The obtained data were statistically analyzed via SPSS 18.0 package program. Firstly, descriptive statistical analyzes were performed and followed by exploratory factor analysis (EFA). As a result of EFA four factors are obtained as: "financial and legal pressure", "patient benefit", "colleague pressure", and "patient confidence". These factors explained 68.033% of the total variance. t-test and ANOVA were used to determine the effects of demographics of pharmacists on the factors. Obtained results are of great importance in determining the perceptions of pharmacists regarding professional ethics. Knowing the factors affecting the pharmacist's behavior in accordance with the professional ethics will shed light on community pharmacy practices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of factors affecting ethical decision-making process of community pharmacists in professional life

Arslan¹,

Tarhan²,

Kalender³

et al. 2018

jrp

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For the pharmacist, there is often a conflict between applying the guidelines and his or her autonomy and relative freedom to provide advice and guidance. [10] In terms of the cost of OTC medicines, the pharmacist is frequently under pressure to generate profits, whether (s)he is the owner of the pharmacy or an employee. This can be done by making a particular product more visible in the pharmacy, or promoting its use, particularly to medical scheme beneficiaries whose benefit plans cover the cost.…”

Section: Pharmacists and Pharmaciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethical issues around access to over-the-counter medicines in South Africa

et al. 2019

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“…Many countries have well established ethical guidelines like the United Kingdom, Australia and USA, yet little is known about ethics in pharmacy, and what pharmacists find ethically problematic in their work 9,10,1112,13,14.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community pharmacy ethical practice in Jordan: assessing attitude, needs and barriers

Alqudah¹,

Tuza²,

Tawfiek³

et al. 2019

Pharm Pract /Granada)

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Background: Having a local code of ethics, based on moral obligations and virtues, known to all practicing pharmacists is important in order to guide them in relationships with patients, health professionals, and society. Objective: To investigate pharmacists’ attitude and barriers towards applying the ethical principles published by the Jordanian Pharmacists Association in the Jordanian code of ethics. Methods: The study objectives were addressed in a cross-sectional study completed by a convenience sample of community pharmacists, in both cities; Amman and Irbid A questionnaire was used to achieve the study objective. The questionnaire was developed and validated, investigating pharmacists’ socio-demographic and practice characteristics, perceived attitude toward certain practice scenarios, and perceived barriers towards applying the locally published ethical principles while dealing with their patients. The questionnaire was self-completed by pharmacists between January and August 2017. Collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. Descriptive statistics and parametric tests were used with p<0.05 set a priori as significant. Results: Seven hundred and four pharmacists (Amman n=486; Irbid n=218) responded to the questionnaire, providing completely answered questionnaires with a response rates of 69.4% in Amman and 99.6% in Irbid. Pharmacists from both cities revealed that they use the Internet as their main resource to obtain ethical information when they need it, to help them deal with their patients (34.0% from Amman and 31.5% from Irbid). More pharmacists in Amman (57.0%) had access to resources regarding ethical information at their practice sites compared to pharmacists in Irbid (24.0%). Significant differences in attitude was found between pharmacists practicing in both cities, as significantly less pharmacists from Amman (37.8%) declared that they would sell a medication for an unreported indication according to national and international guidelines, if recommended by the consultant, compared to pharmacists from Irbid (77.7%, p<0.001). Conclusions: Despite having ethical guidance from the Jordanian Pharmacists Association, the majority of pharmacists in Jordan do not use this resource; instead, most choose to access ethical guidance on-line. Pharmacists from the capital, Amman, reported to adhere more with the guidelines when selling a medication for an unreported indication compared to pharmacists from the smaller city, Irbid. Results of this study call for more actions from the authorities in the country responsible for setting and enforcing the pharmaceutical Code of Ethics.

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Perceptions and attitudes of community pharmacists toward professional ethics and ethical dilemmas in the workplace

Cited by 32 publications

References 50 publications

Investigation of factors affecting ethical decision-making process of community pharmacists in professional life

Investigation of factors affecting ethical decision-making process of community pharmacists in professional life

Ethical issues around access to over-the-counter medicines in South Africa

Community pharmacy ethical practice in Jordan: assessing attitude, needs and barriers

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