Perceptions of cruise travel during the COVID-19 pandemic: Market recovery strategies for cruise businesses in North America

Pan, Tianyu; Shu, Fang; Kitterlin-Lynch, Miranda; Beckman, Eric

doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2020.104275

Cited by 115 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Second, this study examines the impact of various travel constraints faced by prospective travelers on their travel decisions during and after the pandemic. Although travel constraints have been widely adopted by tourism studies to analyze the factors that restrict travel behaviors (e.g., Chen, Chen, & Okumus, 2013 ; Hung & Petrick, 2012 ; Nyaupane, Morais, & Graefe, 2004 ; Pan, Shu, Kitterlin-Lynch, & Beckman, 2021 ), additional constructs relating to travel constraints need to be explored to better explain the travel constraint process across different travel contexts ( Hung and Petrick, 2012 ). Focusing on the pandemic context, this study proposes and analyzes the impact of three major travel constraints - intrapersonal constraint, interpersonal constraint, and social distancing structural constraint - on travel decision.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Travel decision determinants during and after COVID-19: The role of tourist trust, travel constraints, and attitudinal factors

et al. 2022

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The COVID-19 pandemic has forced tourism practitioners to create efficient strategies to attract travelers. Using three theoretical frameworks, such as tourist trust (political, destination, and interactional trust), travel constraint (intrapersonal, interpersonal, and “social distancing” structural constraint), and extended theory of planned behavior (travel attitude, perceived behavioral control, subjective norm, perceived health risk, past travel experience), we develop a comprehensive framework to explain the impact of travel promoting, restricting, and attitudinal factors on travel decision during and after the pandemic. Data was obtained through an extensive survey conducted on 1451 Korean travelers and was analyzed using probabilistic choice models and count models. The results show the specific factors that determine travel decisions during the pandemic (whether to travel and frequency) and travel intention after the pandemic. This study provides important theoretical and practical insights into how to develop successful COVID-19 recovery strategies in the tourism industry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Travel decision determinants during and after COVID-19: The role of tourist trust, travel constraints, and attitudinal factors

et al. 2022

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“…Nevertheless, to the best of our knowledge, the previous literature has not found a crisis solution for tourism industry stakeholders. Most of the early literature may be limited to the exploration of a wide range of issues related to the quantitative or qualitative nature of second-hand data analysis related to tourism issues [23][24][25][26][27], tourism management issues and related strategic issues under the pandemic [28][29][30][31][32][33], and the satisfaction issues of accommodation and restaurants under the pandemic [34][35][36][37]. Some of the researchers study the economic issues that affect the tourism industry in the COVID-19 pandemic [38][39][40][41][42][43][44], discuss the psychological issues of travel stakeholders in the pandemic [45][46][47][48][49][50], or perform research on Tourism and Virtual Reality (VR) [51][52][53].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Tourism Industry: Applying TRIZ and DEMATEL to Construct a Decision-Making Model

Chang

2021

Sustainability

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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism industry is still being sustained, and the response of the tourism industry is an indispensable element that is increasingly recognized. This response has led to the emergence of literature about the impact of COVID-19 on the stakeholders of the tourism industry, thereby contributing to the industry. Nonetheless, the criteria factors and investigated practices for the implementation of decision-making by stakeholders in the tourism industry have not been fully explored. This study adopts Teorija Rezhenija Izobre-tatelskikh Zadach (TRIZ) principles and Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) methods to construct a gap model of tourism stakeholders (GMTS) which solves the tourism industry decision-making problem under COVID-19. With a research background in Taiwan’s tourism industry stakeholders made up of 15 expert participants, GMTS identified 11 criteria factors, of which the three most important criteria factors provide decision-making directions. The causal relationship between these criteria factors was examined, and a causal diagram was drawn to clarify the most important criteria factors. This research examined the criteria factor implementation perspective. Travel “bubble zones” that ensure both “safety and quality” were concluded upon under government policies in the countries and regions of the world. Furthermore, the tourism industry is responsible for the overall “planning and management” of the travel “bubble zones”. Therefore, the “quality management” criteria factor provides important key decision-making for tourism stakeholders. The research indicates that it is recommended to attach importance to the “quality management” of the international travel “bubble zone” as the priority decision-making criteria factor under the pandemic. Furthermore, conversion policies and tourism regulations are secondary criteria factors for improvement; when these two criteria factors are immediately improved, other criteria factors will be affected simultaneously and the degree of improvement will be weakened. In addition, GMTS was developed for the tourism industry. The article also provides research literature and practice implications for stakeholders in the tourism industry, thereby providing insight for tourism to obtain a clear understanding of how to prepare for the implementation of sustainable development.

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“…Therefore, it is speculated that the Triple Stimulus Voucher Program policy alone cannot significantly and positively enhance people's willingness to travel. Thus, in the future, if the government units want to enhance the consumption willingness of its people to travel in Taiwan, from the perspective of people's demand, it is suggested that people's consumption can be stimulated by providing cash subsidies or coupons directly related to tourism or demand-side policies, such as increasing people's leisure time, reducing travel costs, or providing consumption discounts, can stimulate potential tourism demand [17,28,34,35],as a short-term measure to revive Taiwan's tourism industry.…”

Section: Implications Of the Findings And Main Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the pandemic is over, the tourism industry is expected to recover and rebound, and at such time, the risk perception of travelers will become an important factor [32,33]. Regarding the communication and policies of government units, the incentives of relevant units may also affect or change traveler behavior [17,31,34,35]; therefore, when the pandemic slows down or ends, it is expected that these programs and measures will put the tourism industry back on track and revive the tourism industry as soon as possible [14,36,37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can We Return to Our Normal Life When the Pandemic Is under Control? A Preliminary Study on the Influence of COVID-19 on the Tourism Characteristics of Taiwan

Kuo

2021

Sustainability

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The COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented destructive impacts and challenges to global industry and has had a wide impact on people’s lives. The threat of the virus has also caused a change in tourist travel consumption behavior. This study preliminarily examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism consumption characteristics of Taiwanese people. The consumption characteristic changes of 393 people regarding their plans for domestic and outbound tourism during the different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic as well as after the pandemic ends were surveyed and collected. This study also examined and attempted to understand the relationship between people’s satisfaction with the government’s revitalization plan, the pandemic prevention policy, and their domestic tourism frequency during the pandemic period, and the results showed that during the pandemic, people’s tourism characteristics have changed and tend to be conservative. Since the pandemic is over, while there were no significant differences between people’s planned travel expenditures in Taiwan and those before the outbreak, their intended travel time was shortened. Regarding the choice of travel equipment, people had reduced the use of public transportation. Regarding outbound tourism, after the pandemic, as people’s planned travel days will be reduced, it is expected that travel expenditures will be significantly higher than before the pandemic, which shows that the COVID-19 pandemic has an impact on people’s outbound tourism consumption characteristics. During the pandemic, compared with the subsidies for tourism, how to make people feel at ease in the process of tourism is of great importance. Therefore, it is suggested that in the short-term, border control and social pandemic prevention policies should be adopted to enhance people’s confidence in government pandemic prevention, and the general public should be supplemented with travel subsidies in order to promote people’s enthusiasm for tourism. The results of this study provide useful suggestions for government units, tour operators, and related research during the pandemic and offer preliminary insights for the recovery of the tourism industry after the pandemic.

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Perceptions of cruise travel during the COVID-19 pandemic: Market recovery strategies for cruise businesses in North America

Cited by 115 publications

References 63 publications

Travel decision determinants during and after COVID-19: The role of tourist trust, travel constraints, and attitudinal factors

Travel decision determinants during and after COVID-19: The role of tourist trust, travel constraints, and attitudinal factors

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Tourism Industry: Applying TRIZ and DEMATEL to Construct a Decision-Making Model

Can We Return to Our Normal Life When the Pandemic Is under Control? A Preliminary Study on the Influence of COVID-19 on the Tourism Characteristics of Taiwan

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