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Most investigations of substance use in nightclubs are from a club goers' perspective. Consequently, that leaves an understudied population—the nightclub employee. Therefore, the purpose of this exploratory qualitative study investigated substance use at work by nightclub employees and the conditions of acceptable workplace consumption. This study selected a nonprobability purposive sample consisting of seven semistructured, in-depth interviews with nightclub employees from Miami, Florida. Findings revealed that all of the employees participated in workplace substance use, and found it acceptable to engage in substance use at work under the following conditions: the selection of substance (stimulant preference or alcohol) and quantity (low to moderate dosage). The environment and availability of substances in the nightclub normalized workplace substance use. Employees felt that management had a substantial influence in the acceptance of workplace substance use because managers would either ignore or outright encourage the intake of substances on the job.

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Globally, festivals and host communities face increased competition each year from one another and from the myriad of alternate entertainment options. To remain competitive, festival organizers must fully understand what keeps festival attendees coming back year after year. Festivalscape has been an emerging concept of value in this arena, and previous studies have found that festivalscape has an effect on the attendees' emotion and behavior that influences their overall perceived value of the festival. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between festivalscape and the attendees' motivation, satisfaction, and loyalty. A self-administered questionnaire was developed and a structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to test the proposed hypotheses. Study results support the hypotheses, indicating the importance of using festivalscape factors for festival organization and management and effective customer relationship marketing. Further, this study provides academic contributions to theoretical foundations by confirming the effects of these factors. This study also provides practical implications for managing festivals effectively and successfully.