“…Nguyen et al (2021) focused their study on the Vietnamese travel intention and concluded that the intention is influenced by perceived risk, perceived behavioural control, self-efficacy and subjective well-being. Among the most cited determinants of travel decisions are perceived risk (Bhatta et al, 2022;Fan et al, 2023;Tergu et al, 2022), perceived safety (Aebli et al, 2022;Md. Aris et al, 2021;Teeroovengadum et al, 2021) and structural constraint (Humagain & Singleton, 2021;Karl et al, 2021;Li et al, 2022).…”